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NTS 135 Lecture Notes - Neuron, Electrochemical Gradient

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sydgwhite100
8 Dec 2022
School
NAU
Department
Nutrition Science
Course
NTS 135
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Document Summary

Section 9. 4: electrolytes are essential for nerve impulse transmission concepts: In your own words, describe how an action potential is transmitted along a nerve cell: electrolytes and nerve function. All membranes can pump sodium (na+) from inside to outside the cell. When na+ is pumped out of cell, k+ enters to balance loss of positively charged. Inside of cell then has slight negative charge. Difference in charge allows for nerve impulse transmission: change in electrical charge. Depolarization: process in which cell membrane is temporarily disrupted. Action potential: change in electrical charge of nerve cell membrane resulting in electrical signal transmitted from one nerve cell to next.

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Related Questions

5. ______ is the basic unit of all elements of a matter.
6. An atom that contains fewer electrons than protons is said to be _______ charge.
7. A particle that contains more electrons than protons is ______ charge.
8. If an atom contains equal numbers of electrons and protons, the atoms are described as _______.

a. atom b. electrically neutral

c. electron d. negatively

e. neutron f. nucleus

g. positively h. proton

Grade 9 Science electricity multiple choice:

  1. All of the following are examples of a load in an electric circuit, except…
  2. heaters b. motors c. lamps d. batteries

 

  1. A continuous path in which electrons can flow is called a(n)…
  2. electric circuit b. photovoltaic cell c. electric cell d. electrolyte

 

  1. The part of an electric circuit that converts electrical energy into other forms of energy is called a(n)…
  2. connecting wire b. energy source c. load d. switch

 

  1. What type of energy does a fan convert into motion?light energy b. thermal energy c. electrical energy d. none of the above

 

  1. An electric cell that may only be used once is called a… a. primary cell secondary cell c. fuel cell d. photovoltaic cell
  1. Electrons will only flow in an electrical circuit if …
  2. the circuit breaker is open. c. their path is complete and continuous
  3. there is a gap between the conductors d. the switch is not closed.

 

  1. The rate at which electric charges (electrons) move past a given point in a circuit is called…
  2. voltage b. resistance c. current d. none of the above

 

  1. The symbol for electric current is…
  2. I b. V c. A d. C

 

  1. A device used to measure potential difference is called a(n)…
  2. electroscope b. ohmmeter c. ammeter d. voltmeter

 

  1. Electrical resistance is measured in…

      a. amperes b. watts c. ohms d. volts

  1. Electrical Resistance is the ability (or force) that …
  2. stops or slows down the electric charges in a circuit        
  3. that can either help or stop the electric charges in a circuit
  4. helps or speeds up the electric charges in a circuit        
  5. none of these are correct
  1. Loads connected in series…
  2. do not affect the total resistance of the circuit       c. increase the total resistance of the circuit
  3. decrease the total resistance of the circuit       d. It depends on the wattage of the loads

 

  1. What will happen to other lamps on a parallel circuit if an additional light bulb is added?
  2. They will continue to glow the same brightness               c. Some will get brighter and some will go out
  3. They will all continue to glow and will get brighter            d. They will all go out

 

  1. A series circuit has three identical lamps. The potential difference of the energy source is 30V. The resistance of each lamp is 5 Ω. What is the current through each lamp? (Hint: draw a picture of the circuit)

 

  1. 0.167 A b. 2 A c. 6 A d. 150 A

 

  1. One watt of electrical power is equal to…
  2. one joule per second       b. one joule per minute   c. ten joules per second d. ten joules per minute

 

  1. Electrical energy in your home is measured in…
  2. Joules       b. Amps       c. Kilowatt-Hours     d. Watts

 

  1. If you wish to lower your energy costs, which of the following times would be best to use an electric clothes dryer?
  2. Monday at 1:00 p.m.   b. Tuesday at 9:00 a.m. c. Friday at 3:00 p.m.             d. Saturday at 8:00 p.m.

 

  1. An older electrical safety device that contains a small wire that melts and breaks apart when current is too high is a…
  2. Circuit Breaker       b. Fuse       c. Ground Fault Interrupter       d. 3-hole outlet

 

  1. This electrical safety device, which is typically found in bathrooms, sc

 

  1. Circuit Breaker       b. Fuse       c. Ground Fault Interrupter     d. 3-hole outlet

 

  1. Which of the following devices measures the amount of energy used every hour in a house or apartment building?
  2. Phantom load       b. Fuse               c. Smart Meter         d. Ground Fault Interrupter

 

Grade 9 science electricity:

Part B: True or False (K – 13 marks)

23. ______ Static electricity refers to electric charges that flow through a conductor in a controlled way.

24. ______ Lightning is an example of an electric current that is not controlled.

25. ______ Electrons move from the positive to the negative terminal of a battery in a circuit.

26. ______ A cell phone battery is an example of a secondary cell.

27. ______ If a switch is open in a series circuit, the circuit is complete and electrons are flowing.

28. ______ Wall outlets provide direct current.

29. ______ The difference in electric potential energy measured at two different points in a circuit is called current.

30. ______ Copper has a high electrical resistance.

31. ______ The lower the voltage of the source, the higher the current.

32. ______ The energy of electrons in a circuit decreases after they pass through the source.

33. ______ The cables that carry electricity from the generating station to your home are larger so that they can carry more current without heating up.

 

34. ______ Some appliances, like stoves, need to be connected to a higher voltage (240 Volt) circuit.

35. ______ Appliances that have failed to meet the government’s standards for electrical efficiency are given the Energy Star label.