BIO 2600 Study Guide - Chemiosmosis, Chloroplast Membrane, Atp Hydrolysis
Document Summary
Etc ends with o2 as the final electron acceptor and creation of water. The main chemical energy in cells is atp. Cells obtain their energy by a membrane-based mechanism. A membrane of electron carriers, protein pump and atp synthase. Sources of high energy e- from oxidation of food and of protons h+ Essential requirements for making energy into atp are: Pump harnesses the energy of e- to pump protons from water creating a proton gradient across the membrane. Proton gradients serves as energy store and is used to create atp via the synthase. It is now widely accepted that mitochondria likely evolved from bacteria that were engulfs by ancestral eukaryotic cells more than a billion years ago. Endosymbiosis created mitochondria and chloroplast when eukaryotes engulfed prokaryotes. Mitochondria allowed the cells to undergo aerobic respiration and chloroplast allowed them to undergo photosynthesis. Cells with more organelles is because one engulfs another.
