BIOL-K - Biology BIOL-K 103 Lecture Notes - Optic Tract, Stimulus Modality, Sensory Neuron

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28 Mar 2023

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IUPUI

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BIOL-K - Biology

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BIOL-K - Biology BIOL-K 103

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Document Summary

Objective 1: name and describe the events involved in sensory processing and transduction. (remembering/understanding) also see objective 2. Objective 2: compare and contrast the post transduction terms transmission, projection, interpretation and perception (remembering/understanding/applying) Endocrine system: initiates intercellular chemical signal. Projection: information arrives at specific part of brain (vision, hearing, speech centers) Interpretation and perception: brain processes information past experiences state of mind, the brain can interpret sensory stimuli or modify stimuli to make them more, completely familiar or logical replaying past experiences. Objective 3: describe the location of sensory receptors relative to the nerve (remembering/understanding) On neuron (free nerve ending: receptor on end of the nerve, if nerve is stimulated there is no need for neurotransmitter. Free receptor: receptor that is a separate structure form the cell, releases a chemical transmitter in order to respond. Sensory receptors transduce stimulus into a graded potential.

Related Questions

1. During a routine neurologic examination of a 27-year-old woman, the physician discovers what is called a âblind spotâ (also called a physiologic scotoma) in the visual field of this patient. Which of the following most specifically explains this observation?

a. A small scotoma resultant to a retinal detachment

b. Occlusion of the central retinal artery

c. A visual defect resulting from an increase in intracranial pressure transmitted along the subarachnoid space surrounding the optic nerve

d. A spot in the visual field corresponding to the optic disc where there are no rods, cones, or ganglion cells

e. A visual defect corresponding to a lesion of the crossing fibers of the optic chiasm

2. Describe the clinical significance of limbic system. Why is it called an emotional brain? Is there any gender-based difference?

Sensory systems

1.All sensory input arrives at the central nervous system in the same form, as ____________ propagated by afferent neurons. Perception of the type and intensity of a stimulus depends on which part of the brain the impulse projects to and the firing frequency the sensory neuron.

A.action potentials B.receptor potentials C.reflexes D.frequency localizations E.thresholds

2.The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion,changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

A.nociceptors B.free nerve endings C.gated channels D.photoreceptors. E.ganglia

3.When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

A.membrane depolarization B.membrane repolarization C.active ion transport D.membrane hyperpolarization E.neurotransmitter release

5.The lateral line system provides ________ with a sense of "distant touch," enabling these animals to sense objects that reflect pressure waves and low-frequency vibrations.

A.adult amphibians B.reptiles C.birds D.mammals E.fish

6.Which correctly represents the sequence of steps involved to convey sensory information to the CNS?

A.stimulation and ion flow through the synaptic cleft B.neurotransmitter release and interpretation
C.neurotransmitter release and ion flow through the synaptic cleft D.stimulation, transduction, transmission, and interpretation E.stimulation, transmission, and neurotransmitter release

7.Which of the following stimuli do vertebrates NOT have a specialized receptor for?

A.hearing B.taste C.smell D.humidity E.vision

8.Which of the following is NOT an example of a mechanoreceptor?

A.Meissner's corpuscles B.Ruffini endings C.Merkel cells D.red corpuscles E.Pacinian corpuscles

9.What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?
A. baroreceptors B. chemoreceptors C. nociceptors
D. thermoreceptors E. propioceptors

10. Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

A. salty B. sour. C. sweet. D. vitamins E. bitter

Question 5

*The specific molecule in the eye that has to absorb photons for the perception of vision to occur is:

A. G-protein

B. Opsin

C. Retinal

D. cGMP

Question 6

*Transduction is a conversion of

A. Stimulus energy into energy of a graded potential

B. Presynaptic nerve impulses into postsynaptic nerve impulses

C. Receptor energy into stimulus energy

D. Electrical energy into mechanical energy

Question 7

What is a Drosophila âERGâ?

A. The signal is the combined signal of may action potentials

B. The signal is the response of only one specific photoreceptor class

C. It is a combined response signal of many photoreceptors and secondary order neurons

D. The signal is the combined signal of many graded potentials

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BIOL-K - Biology BIOL-K 103 Lecture Notes - Optic Tract, Stimulus Modality, Sensory Neuron

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