Lecture : bbh5 (2)

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gdeg

27 Apr 2023

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Change hormone levels ghrelin for the diet vs. regular milkshake. Some effects (ex. asthma) appear to be more subjective. Placebo inhalers prove to help people feel better, but when measured, it doesn"t seem t0 change. If we don"t, we won"t have this placebo reaction. Hand in hand with psychology, different countries. Powerful in cultures with a lot of faith in medicine; strong placebo effects in these cultures. Expects pill to make them feel better, they are inclined to feel better because they expect it. Different cultures with different medicinal practices causes a reduced placebo impact due to the belief of certain medicines. Someone expects something to happen, causes a change in the body, makes it more likely for their expectation to be true. Varying topics of study, all used placebo. Found placebo effect only in patient-reported outcomes (not observer-reported outcomes) And only when patients used a continuous scale. Give a scale 1-10 (in beginning and end) before and after placebo.

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Imagine that you have a cousin who is a senior in high school and who has started to think about possible careers. All he knows about psychologists is that they are interested in behavior. Describe for him the main theoretical perspectives within psychology (e.g., behaviorist, humanist, sociocultural, biological, ...) and then describe the opportunities for a career within the field of psychology. What are the different types of psychologists and what kinds of questions do they attempt to answer?

graybear312

4 According to a commercial, drinking water that has been blessed by Bill Nye the Science Guy improves your test scores. You think this is complete nonsense and want to disprove it. So you set up an experiment.

4a Would this be an observational or an empirical study?

4b To test it, for a total of 10 weeks, you take one test every week. Alternating weeks, you will drink regular water (control) and blessed water (treatment). How many replicas will you have?

4c What would be your null-hypothesis?

4d What would be your alternative hypothesis?

4e Name 3 possible confounding factors.

4f What is your independent variable?

4g Wat is your dependent variable?

4hs You set your a-level as always at 0.05, and do a statistical analysis to see if there is a difference in test scores between the two groups. The statistical analysis result is p=0.06 Is there a significant difference in test scores? Yes / No / Donât know

4i Based on the statistical analysis outcomes, does drinking blessed water improve test results? Yes / No / Donât know

4j 10 points A placebo effect is an improvement in a personâs perceived health from taking a non-active ingredient, presumably because of the belief that they are receiving a treatment helps that person to feel better. Your mind is a powerful thing and certainly can influence your health in real ways, so a placebo effect would include real improvements that come from âmind over matterâ as well as simple changes in perception. How can you avoid the placebo effect in this study?

ivoryraven299

COLLEGE COURSE: Behavioral Neuroendocrinology, Please answer/provide information/define concept/terms etc... PLEASE ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS:

HPA axis: What is the principal role/function of this endocrine cascade? What brain structures and glands are involved in this system? What governs its functioning? What other brain structures help regulate HPA activity? What hormones are involved in the HPA cascade and in what order? What is the role of the HPA axis in psychiatric illness?

Glucocorticoid binding. What is the difference between MRs and GRs?

What is the role of gonadal hormones in the biological stress response?

What are the roles of vasopressin and oxytocin in cognition?

Define stress (and be familiar with different models/definitions of stress), the biological basis of stress response and related concepts, and pathological effects of stress

What constitutes a stressor? What are 4-5 different types of stressors?

How do stress and gonadal hormones affect learning and memory? What brain structures are involved and via what mechanisms?

Experimental paradigms demonstrating hormone effects on spatial memory

What are the components of learning? What is extinction? Habituation?

Hans Selye

What is the psychosis prodrome? How is it characterized/core symptoms? How does the psychosis prodrome differ from acute/chronic psychosis? What are some possible mechanisms of intervention/prevention?

What are some characteristics of epinephrine?

12. Hormonal theories that account for psychiatric disorders such as postpartum depression

13. What is the role of glucose metabolism in learning and memory?

14. Relationships among hormones in psychiatric illness, with consideration of treatment effects (perimenstrual syndrome, depression, seasonal affective disorder, schizophrenia)

15. What is bright light therapy for seasonal affective disorder? What time of day is it most effectively used?

16.How do cognitive enhancing agents exert their effect?

17. What is ACTH? What are its effects on cognition?

18.Differential effects of stress and associated hormones on behavior (and neuroanatomic structure) during prenatal vs. pubertal vs. adult stages

Lecture : bbh5 (2)

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