BIOL 2020 Study Guide - Final Guide: Glycerol Kinase, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cholesteryl Ester
Document Summary
Lipid biosynthesis: an in-depth overview of pathways and processes. Lipid biosynthesis is a complex and tightly regulated process that occurs in all living organisms. Lipids serve as essential components of cell membranes, energy storage molecules, and signaling molecules. This note provides a comprehensive overview of the major pathways and processes involved in lipid biosynthesis, elucidating the key steps and terms associated with each pathway: fatty acid biosynthesis: Fatty acid biosynthesis is a central process in lipid metabolism. It involves the synthesis of fatty acids, which are building blocks of complex lipids such as triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters. Fatty acid biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasm and is primarily carried out by a multi-enzyme complex known as fatty acid synthase (fas): acetyl-coa carboxylation: The first step in fatty acid biosynthesis is the carboxylation of acetyl-coa to malonyl-coa. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme acetyl-coa carboxylase (acc) and requires atp and biotin as cofactors.
