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Longitudinal cohort studies that produce data measured inperson-time are particularly subject to which of the followingforms of statistical anomaly?

A. Recall bias

B. Type two censoring

C. Sampling bias

D. Type one censoring

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Elin Hessel
Elin HesselLv2
29 Sep 2019

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Related questions

1. In what type of study design does the subject serve as his own control?

2. Describe in your own words the characteristics of a case-control study.

Example Study Scenario: The health records of the University of Atlanta football team from 1990 were examined in 2010 to see if their recorded height and weight at the time of their football career in 1990 was related to the development of high cholesterol by 2015.

3. What type of study is this?

4. Create an example study scenario similar to the one above that would describe a prospective cohort study.

Example Study Scenario: In a study that began in 1950, a group of 5,000 teens in Kansas were asked about cigarette smoking. The occurrence of cases of lung cancer between 1990 and 2000 was studied in this group.

5. What type of study is this?

6. Create an example study scenario that would describe a cross-sectional study.

7. Explain the concept of a selection bias and give an example of selection bias that could occur in a case-control study.

8. Explain the concept of information bias and give an example of information bias that could occur in a case-control study.

9. What is matching and why is it a concern in case-control studies?

10. Summarize the study design, sampling, and purpose of the Framingham Study.

A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine the risk of heart attack among men with varying levels of baldness. Third-year residents in dermatology conducted visual baldness assessments at the start of the study (which was before any heart attacks had occurred). Four levels of baldness were coded: none, minimal, moderate, and severe. The follow-up rate for this study was 100%. Which of the following types of bias were avoided in this study? (Choose all that apply)

a. Recall bias of the exposure information.

b. Differential misclassification of the exposure.

c. Non-differential misclassification of the exposure.

d. Selection bias due to follow up.

2. A case-control study was conducted to determine if using any antihistamines around the time of conception increased the risk of birth defects in the offspring. No personal interviews were conducted regarding the subjects’ antihistamine use. Instead, women were considered exposed if computerized pharmacy records from their health maintenance organization indicated that they had filled at least one prescription for antihistamines within 500 days before the birth of the child.

a)For which type of information bias is this data collection method susceptible?

b)Which type of information bias is this data collection method least susceptible to?

The Whitehall study is a ground‐breaking longitudinal (prospective cohort) study that clearly demonstrated the association between social determinants of health (the social gradient) and morbidity and mortality (cardiovascular disease) in a population of British civil servants (Breeze et al., 2001; Chandola et al., 2008; (Marmot et al., 1978).

Read these papers and answer the following questions

Question : Select all that apply:

When we consider whether we can generalise the results of these studies to other populations, we need to consider:

a. The gender distribution of the population

b. Ethnic diversity within the population

c. Economic similarity of the population

d. The type of work done by the people in the population

e. Whether the population is in a rural or remote location

f. The class structure of the population

Question: Could we use an existing Australian research study cohort, such as the 45 and Up study, to explore the same things as explored in the Whitehall studies? Why/ why not?

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