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Observation: Capuchins rub their fur with leaves.
Capuchin monkeys live in central and south America. They live insocial groups and they are noteworthy for their intelligence,specifically their tool use and social learning. They areomnivores, and feed on a vast range of foods. One seeminglypeculiar behavior is leaf rubbing - Capuchin monkeys sometimes rubthemselves with leaves from specific plant species.

Use the above observation to answer each of the followingsections.

1) Asking a question.Questions can be general, and potentiallyanswered with hypotheses at two or even all four of the levels ofanalysis. Questions can also be more specific and very clearlyintended to be addressed with hypotheses at only a singlelevel. An example of a general question about the aboveobservation that is addressable by hypotheses at all four levels issimply: “Why do capuchin monkeys rub leaves on themselves?” Wewould like you to write a question that reflects only one ofTinbergen’s four questions and that directly relates to some aspectof the behavioral observation provided above. Let’s start bylooking at some example questions. Your first job is to identifywhich of Tinbergen’s questions (level of analysis) each of theserelate to (Proximate Causal/Mechanistic; Proximate Developmental;Ultimate Fitness; Ultimate History).

What benefit do the monkeys get from leaf rubbing?
a) Level of analysis: (answer all of these on theanswer sheet provided on last page)

Which other monkey species also do this type of behavior?
b) Level of analysis:

How do juveniles acquire this behavior?
c) Level of analysis:

How do capuchins identify which plant to use?
d) Level of analysis:

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Hubert Koch
Hubert KochLv2
29 Sep 2019

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