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Two solutions of KCl are separated by a semipermeable membrane which only allows the diffusion of Cl− ions. The [Cl−] in chamber 1 is 100 mM and the concentration in chamber 2 is 0.1 mM. What is the expected potential difference between the two chambers?

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
28 Sep 2019
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Related questions

Suppose a cell is in a bathing solution of 1 mM NaCl and across the membrane there is an electric potential of -59 mV. If the cell is allowed to go to equilibrium for both ions while maintaining a membrane potential of -59 mV, the concentrations inside the cell will be

[Na+] = 0.1 mM and [Cl-] = 10 mM

[Na+] = 1 mM and [Cl-] = 1 mM

[Na+] = 0.1 mM and [Cl-] = 0.1 mM

[Na+] = 100 mM and [Cl-] = 0.01 mM

[Na+] = 10 mM and [Cl-] = 0.1 mM

3. Consider a hypothetical two-compartment system separated by a membrane permeable to ions K+ and Cl-, but not to Na+ and P-. No active transport is involved.

Ions Compartment I Compartment II

P- 110 mM 0 mM
Na+ 30 mM 80 mM
Cl- 70 mM 230 mM

K+ 150 mM 150

mM

a. Is each compartment space-charge neutral? Justify your answer. (3 pts)

b. Is the system (that is, between the compartments) in electrochemical equilibrium? That is, are the concentrations of ions and distribution of charge both in equilibrium? Why? (2 pts)

c. If not, what direction will each ion move? Keep in mind that K+ and Cl- will move as a pair (KCl). What are the final equilibrium levels of each ion in compartment I and II? (10 pts)

1. You are using a Petroff-Hausser counting chamber to determine the number of cells in liquid cultures.

(A) After diluting the original sample 100-fold, you place the dilution into the chamber. If you count, on average, 10 cells for each 0.2 x 0.2 mm square, how many cells per mL were present in your original sample?

(B) If you have a culture that contains 2 x107bacterial cells per mL of liquid, how many cells should appear in each 0.2 x 0.2 mm square of the counting chamber, on average?


2.

You are performing a viable cell count by plating serial dilutions of a liquid culture, using 0.1 mL of each dilution per plate. Assuming that the cells are 100% viable, for a culture that contains 4 x107bacterial cells per mL of liquid, which of the 10-fold serial dilutions (for example, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, etc.) would you need to plate to obtain between 10 and 500 colonies per plate? How many colonies should appear?

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