What advantages do organelles provide to eukaryotic cells (3 pts)? Are they necessarily required or simply an artefact of the evolutionary history of eukaryotes (2 pts)? Why, for example, would eukaryotic cells require a membrane-bound nucleus when prokaryotes seem to replicate efficiently without one (2 pts)?
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Question 401 pts
Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.
| True |
| False |
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Question 411 pts
When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.
| ionic |
| kinetic |
| covalent |
| hydrogen |
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Question 421 pts
Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.
| neutrons |
| protons |
| electrons |
| electron shells |
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Question 431 pts
Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.
| oil |
| heat |
| enzymes |
| blood |
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Question 441 pts
Organic molecules have a core composed of .
| carbon |
| nitrogen |
| phosphorus |
| hydrogen |
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Question 451 pts
The building blocks of carbohydrates are
| polypeptides |
| amino acids |
| nucleotides |
| monosaccharides |
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Question 461 pts
Water molecules crossing a membrane from high to low concentration is .
| active transport |
| cell fate |
| facilitated diffusion |
| osmosis |
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Question 471 pts
Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.
| phospholipids |
| transmembrane channel proteins |
| cell surface proteins |
| carbohydrate chains |
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Question 481 pts
The simplest cells are .
| prokaryotic |
| animal cells |
| eukaryotic |
| cells of fungi |
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Question 491 pts
Which of the following membrane bound organelles are found inside bacterial cells:
| nucleus |
| organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells |
| mitochondria |
| chloroplasts |
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Question 501 pts
Which of the following is a specialized components of the cell, is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and is responsible for making proteins.
| vacuoles |
| ribosomes |
| golgi complex |
| nucleus |
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Question 511 pts
Proteins are sorted, modified, and packaged by the _____________ and later transported to the outside of the cell.
| ribosomes |
| golgi bodies (golgi apparatus) |
| nucleus |
| mitochondria |
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Question 521 pts
Dehydration synthesis is a process of linking two smaller subunits together to form a polymer. Which of the following statements below is true of dehydration synthesis?
| Oxygen is consumed. |
| A water molecule is removed from the molecules. |
| A water molecule is added to the molecules |
| Carbon dioxide is given off. |
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Question 531 pts
Proteins are made up of _________ held together by peptide bonds.
| monomers |
| monosaccharides |
| polymers |
| amino acids |
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Question 541 pts
Which of the following gives an amino acid its properties?
| NH2 |
| R Group or functional group |
| COOH |
| H |
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Question 551 pts
The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.
| Tertiary |
| Quaternary |
| Secondary |
| Primary |
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Question 561 pts
How do DNA and RNA differ?
| all statements are differences between DNA and RNA. |
| DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded. |
| They have different sugars. |
| Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA. |
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Question 571 pts
Which of the following is a component of a DNA nucleotide?
| phosphate |
| a nitrogen containing base |
| All are components of a nucleotide. |
| 5-carbon sugar |
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Question 581 pts
Cell membranes are made up of several different types of molecules. Select the membrane molecule below that is made up of a polar region and two non-polar fatty acid tails.
| transmembrane proteins |
| carbohydrate chains |
| phospholipids |
| cell surface proteins |
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Question 591 pts
Two organelles which are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ____________ and ______________.
| chloroplasts and mitochondria |
| golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum |
| ribosomes and nucleolus |
| peroxisomes and lysosomes |
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Question 601 pts
The is an extensive system of internal membranes responsible for producing carbohydrates and lipids.
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| nucleolus |
| mitochondria |
