How might a single base pair difference about 100 bases before the start codon of a gene cause a mutation in that gene?
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A mutation has resulted in changes to both the size (number of amino acids) and the amino acid composition of the protein encoded by a gene. This mutation is most likely a (an) ---------.
| A. | Deletion of the promoter | |
| B. | Insertion or deletion of a base pair in an exon | |
| C. | Single missense mutation in the transcription region | |
| D. | A base substitution, which has changed the start codon to 5'ACG3' | |
| E. | Insertion or deletion of a base in the middle of an intron |
Gene A codes for a liver enzyme and has three alleles; A1, A2 and A3. A1A1 individuals are normal and produce 500 units of the functional enzyme. A2A2 patients produce 500 units of non-functional enzyme. Based on this information, allele A2 is produced by a:
| A. | base deletion in exon-1 of gene A, which resulted in an immediate non-sense mutation | |
| B. | base substitution in exon-1 of gene A, which switched a codon with one of its degenerate codons | |
| C. | Mutation that changed the start codon to ACG | |
| D. | Mutation in the promoter of gene A |
