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The force that can be generated by a muscle is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the muscle. Given 2 cylinder-shaped muscles with a parallel arrangement of fibers, and the diameter of muscle 1 is 2 cm and the diameter of muscle 2 is 4 cm, the amount of force that can be generated by muscle 2 is ________ times the force that can be generated by muscle 1.

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Bunny Greenfelder
Bunny GreenfelderLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

1.Before heading to the Tour de France a cyclist had a muscle biopsy in his leg. The tests revealed that the dominant muscle fibers were low in myosin ATPase activity and anaerobic enzymes, high in capillary density and myoglobin content. What muscle fiber is dominant in this athlete? Why?

2.What is the primary source of ATP generation in this muscle for the athlete as he steadily climbs the mountains of France?

3. For this athlete to maintain force production, what direct change in ion concentration must occur (identify specific ion, cellular location, and if the concentration level will increase or decrease)?

4. What determines force output in a muscle contraction; provide a brief explanation/reason to your answer?

Please answer “True” or “False” for questions 1-5.

1) The defective gene in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) was identified using amino acid sequence obtained from the protein dystrophin purified from skeletal muscle.

2) In dystrophin-deficient mice, the loss of muscle contractile force after eccentric contraction correlates with increased plasma membrane damage.

3) The loss of dystrophin is the only cause of muscular dystrophy in humans.

4) Dysferlin prevents rupture of the muscle plasma membrane during contraction of stretch.

5) Muscular dystrophy can be caused by gene mutations that disrupt carbohydrates.

1.) Each motor neuron innervates a finite number of musclefibers. We have referred to this set of muscle fibers as amotor unit. Do motor units vary insize?

a.) no, they average about the same throughout themusculature

b.) yes, fine control depends upon a motor unit with onlyseveral muscle fibers

2.) The cerebellar input that defines the status of the headoriginates within the left and right

a.) motor cortex b.)vestibular apparatus

3.) How are the muscle fibers within a motor unit arrangedspatially within a muscle fascicle?

a.) adjacent to one another

b.) scattered somewhat throughout the fascicle

4.) What is the resting membrane potential of a musclefiber?

a.) -90 mV

b.) -60 mV

5.)

In view of the difference between the resting membrane potentialof a motor neuron and a muscle fiber, which cell is more leaky tosodium ions?

a.)motor neuron

b.) muscle fiber

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