7. Each of the following bacterial lifestyles exposes the bacteria to an environment that requires special evolutionary adaptations to survive. In each case, explain what adaptations were required for the bacteria to live in that environment, and describe how the adaptations allow survival.

A. Thermophiles

B. Microaerophiles

C. Alkalophiles

D. Halophiles

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lalithashwin156Lv10

6 May 2023

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Mutations are the ultimate source of variation in the population, but mutations are rare, random events-- and yet the bacteria in the video seemed to get the mutation they needed to survive and spread. Which of the following best describes how/why?

a. the necessary mutation occurs because the antibiotic is present

b. although the mutation that would allow for antibiotics are rare there are so many bacteria on the table that even rare event becomes likely.

c. the bacteria were acquiring mutation for antibiotic resistance from other species of bacteria through some sort of bacterial sex(transformation, transduction, conjugation.)

d. all of these are possible

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6. For each of the following, explain the physiological adaptation(s) that allow(s) the indicated organism to survive in an otherwise lethal environment.

A. Halophile in 3M [NaCl]

B. Endospore in boiling water

C. Psychrophile in an Antarctic lake

D. Acidophile in pH 2 water contaminated by a mine