Meiosis is an important source of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms. Identify the events in meiosis that result in segregation and independent assortment and how these two mechanisms produce genetic variation in the next generation. Use the following terms in your response: genes; alleles; homologous chromosomes; non-homologous chromosomes.
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Which of these statements is incorrect?
Syntenic genes are located on the same chromosome. |
Independent assortment results in recombinant chromosomes. |
You can reliably predict the relative genetic distance fromgenesâ physical distance on a chromosome. |
Linked genes are always syntenic. |
What is the relative genetic distance between two linked genesif the recombination frequency is 0.49?
0.49 cM |
4.9 cM |
49 cM |
490 cM |
What statement best explains the distortion in Mendelian ratiosobserved by Bateson & Punnett in 1905? (Reminder: they found anoverrepresentation of F2 offspring showing both dominant orrecessive phenotypes, and an underrepresentation of offspringdisplaying one dominant and one recessive phenotype)
| Human error: they should have been more careful about theirexperimental setup. |
| Gene linkage: Genes for flower color and pollen shape arephysically close on the same chromosome, leading to a breakdown inthe independent assortment of the alleles for these traits. |
| Chromosome crossover: Homologous recombination of twochromatids during meiosis caused the alleles to shuffle, resultingin a breakdown of the independent assortment of the alleles forthose genes. |
Random variation: No two situations are alike. In finitepopulations, you are going to get some variation across a mean. |
When determining the relative genetic distance between twogenes, why is dihybrid back-cross preferable over traditionaldihybrid cross?
| 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio is easier to work with than 1:1:1:1ratio. |
| Genotypes of the offspring can be determined based on theirphenotype. |
If the genes are independently assorted, the dihybrid back-crosswould result in only 2 genotypes in the F1 generation. |
B and C |
Why do we map genes?
| To understand how genes interact with each other |
| Comparative genomics analysis |
| To determine the genotype of an organism |
| All of the above |
