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(A 2, 4) Arrange from largest to smallest: Immunoglobulin G, Red blood cell, HIV, Salmonella typhimurium, N atom, Paramecium, Chicken egg, prion

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Beverley Smith
Beverley SmithLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

Put in order of smallest to largest.

Carbon atom, Water molecule, Histidine molecule (amino acid), Tryptophan (amino acid), Adenine molecule (nucleotide), Dictyostelium (amoeba), Archaeoglobus fulgidus (archaeon), Plasmid, X chromosome, Hemoglobin molecule (protein), Prion molecule (protein), Glucose molecule, Herpes simplex virus, Bacteriophage MS2 virus, Ribosome Red blood cell, Human sperm cell, E. coli cell, Tasmanian devil facial tumor cell, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast cell), Rickettsia (bacterial cell), Human egg cell, Mitochondrion, Grain of table salt, Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), Grain of rice

1. Describe two constraints which limit the maximum size of a cell.

2. In what 2 ways do eukaryotic cells overcome some of the limitations on cell size to allow them to be larger than prokaryotic cells?

3. List the following structures in order from smallest to largest:

Protein

Bacterial cell

Atom

Human muscle cell

Ribosome

Nucleus

Human epithelial cell

4. What features are common to both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

1. A mutation in the gene encoding the integrase enzyme rendersthe protein non-functional. How would the affect the HIV infectioncycle?

Formation of the provirus would bestopped.
Reverse transcription would nolonger be possible.
The gp120 glycoprotein would nolonger be able to bind to the CCR5 receptor.

Cutting and assembling the capsid would be halted.

2. If the viral gene is AUGCCCAGG and the mRNA used to make theviral protein is UACGGGUCC, then the virus is a :

Negative strand RNA virus
Double stranded DNA virus
Retrovirus

Positive strand RNA virus

3. Would treating prions with enzymes that digest nucleotides bean effective neutralization method?

No, prions lack amino acids.
Yes, prion nucleic acids would besusceptible to enzymatic digestion.
No, prions lack phosphodiesterbonds and would not be subject to digestion by these types ofenzymes.

Yes, the bonds between the amino acids would be hydrolyzed.

4. Most Americans born before 1970 have a permanent scar ontheir shoulders from the smallpox vaccine. Why don't youngerAmericans have one?

Smallpox has been eradicated by aworldwide vaccination program.
Smallpox is no longer lethal.
A safer less damaging vaccine wasdeveloped in the early 1970's.

The vaccine is no longer effective due to antigenic shift.

5. What kind of pathogen would retain its ability to causeinfections after being treated with powerful proteolytic chemicalsthat would destroy all proteinaceous material?

A virus
A bacterium
A prion
A fungus

A viroid

6. Select all of the false statements concerning AIDS.

AIDS kills the patient.
Patients die as a result ofopportunistic infections.
AIDS shuts down the immunesystem.
HIV therapy (HAART) can clear thevirus from the bloodstream.

HIV therapy (HAART) can clear the virus from the patient'sbody.

7. Why do viruses only infect specific types of cells?

Viruses only attack epithelialcells, such as the cells lining the lungs.
If a host cell is weakened, viruseshave an easier time infecting it.
The initial choice is random butonce a cell type is chosen it becomes the preferred host.
The host cells have the correctsurface receptor that the virus can fit into.

Viruses infect the first cells they encounter.

8. Nucleotide analogs are a class of drugs that are highlyeffective against many types of viruses. They work by halting thereplication of viral genes. They are equally effective at stoppingthe spread of prion diseases.

True

False

9. An experimental chemical has been shown to selectively cleavephosphodiester bonds. How would the affect a virus?

Dissociate the envelope
Fragment the genome
Hydrolyze the protein coating
Alter the host binding site

Digest the capsid

10. HIV uses cell surface receptors to enter host cells. Whydoes switching from a CCR5 co-receptor to a CXCR4 co-receptoreventually shut down the immune system?

Macrophages have CCR5co-receptors.
T-helper cells have CXCR4co-receptors.
T-helper cells are not involved incoordinating immune responses.
Only macrophages are killed byHIV.

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