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12. TRUE FALSE Generally, large animals have a slower basal metabolic rate than small animals.

13. TRUE FALSE Generally, small animals lose heat and water more slowly than large animals.

14. Many animals have a large respiratory surface that is exposed to the atmosphere or diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. What is lost with this model?

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Jarrod Robel
Jarrod RobelLv2
28 Sep 2019

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Related questions

Smaller mammals and birds have faster heart rates than larger ones. It would be useful to have a model that might explain this variation in heart rates. A warm-blooded animal uses large quantities of energy in order to maintain body temperature, because of heat loss through its body surface. Since cold-blooded animals require very little energy when they are resting, the major energy drain on a resting warm blooded animal seems to be maintenance of body temperature. Let’s explore a model based on this idea. The amount of energy available is roughly proportional to blood flow through the heart to the lungs – the source of oxygen. At rest, the amount of energy available is proportional to the amount of heat lost, which is proportional to body surface area. (a) Show that the basal (resting) blood flow f is related to the body weight w by (approximately) f ∝ w 2/3 . Define all the variables that you use. (b) Derive a model that relates basal pulse rate p to body weight w as (approximately) p ∝ w −1/3 . What assumption(s) did you make about hearts?

The Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________________.

mass extinction

evolutionary stasis

a large meteor impact

adaptive radiation

1 points

QUESTION 2

Most animals are viviparous.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 3

The first phylum with ganglia in their nervous system are the ________________________.

Mollusca

Nematoda

Bivalvia

Platyhelminthes

1 points

QUESTION 4

The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a _____________________.

a unicellular worm

multicellular algae

flagellated protist

multicellular fungus

1 points

QUESTION 5

You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile by use of many short extensions of the cytoplasm. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large, one small. The organism is most likely to be a ______________.

foraminifera

radiolarian

ciliate

flagellate

1 points

QUESTION 6

Which of the following organisms would you expect to have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio? Assume that all of the following are the same total length.

A mollusc

A nematode

A platyhelminth

Not enough information to determine.

1 points

QUESTION 7

If the animal is a hermaphrodite, it is said to be _______________.

dioecious

eutelic

monoecious

trioecious

1 points

QUESTION 8

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange and segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature ____________.

eight legs

two pairs of antennae

a sessile lifecycle

an open circulatory system

1 points

QUESTION 9

The Phylum Echinodermata exhibits metamerism.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The existence of evolutionary trends, such as increasing body sizes among horse species, is evidence that _____.

a larger volume-to-surface area ratio is adaptive in many mammals

evolution generally progresses toward some goal

evolution tends toward increased complexity or increased size

in particular environments, similar adaptations can be beneficial to more than one species

The Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________________.

mass extinction

evolutionary stasis

a large meteor impact

adaptive radiation

1 points

QUESTION 2

Most animals are viviparous.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 3

The first phylum with ganglia in their nervous system are the ________________________.

Mollusca

Nematoda

Bivalvia

Platyhelminthes

1 points

QUESTION 4

The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a _____________________.

a unicellular worm

multicellular algae

flagellated protist

multicellular fungus

1 points

QUESTION 5

You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile by use of many short extensions of the cytoplasm. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large, one small. The organism is most likely to be a ______________.

foraminifera

radiolarian

ciliate

flagellate

1 points

QUESTION 6

Which of the following organisms would you expect to have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio? Assume that all of the following are the same total length.

A mollusc

A nematode

A platyhelminth

Not enough information to determine.

1 points

QUESTION 7

If the animal is a hermaphrodite, it is said to be _______________.

dioecious

eutelic

monoecious

trioecious

1 points

QUESTION 8

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange and segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature ____________.

eight legs

two pairs of antennae

a sessile lifecycle

an open circulatory system

1 points

QUESTION 9

The Phylum Echinodermata exhibits metamerism.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The existence of evolutionary trends, such as increasing body sizes among horse species, is evidence that _____.

a larger volume-to-surface area ratio is adaptive in many mammals

evolution generally progresses toward some goal

evolution tends toward increased complexity or increased size

in particular environments, similar adaptations can be beneficial to more than one species

1 points

QUESTION 11

Suppose you are a researcher fro a pest-control company and you develop a chemical that inhibits the develpment of an embryonic mosquito's endodermal cells. Which of the following would cause the pesticide to work?

The mosquito would develop a weak exoskeleton, making it easy prey.

The mosquito's gut would not function properly and it would starve.

The mosquito would not have a properly functioning muscular system.

Nothing would happen and your experiment would be a failure.

1 points

QUESTION 12

Holometabolis refers to complete metamorphosis.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 13

Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural selection?
Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are heritable.
Condition 2: Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success.
Condition 3: Individuals pass on most traits that they acquire during their lifetime.

Condition 1 only

Condition 2 only

Conditions 1 and 2

Conditions 2 and 3

1 points

QUESTION 14

Scientific theories _____. 22.3

are nearly the same things as hypotheses

are supported by, and make sense of, many observations

cannot be tested because the described events occurred only once

are predictions of future events

1 points

QUESTION 15

The evolution of animal species and their diversity is a result of the evolution of new and different ways to _______________.

reproduce

arrange their cells into tissues

become symmetrical

form an embyro and establish a basic body plan

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