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Based on the membranes described in this question, draw a single Tm graph showing the relative transition temperatures of each membrane and explain your reasoning.

a.This membrane is made up of saturated fatty acids (16:0), a small amount of cholesterol and actively transports molecules A and B across the membrane. The active transport of A in one direction, drives the movement of A and B across the membrane in the opposite direction.

b. This membrane is made up of a mix of saturated fatty acids (14:0) and unsaturated fatty acids (16:3). The membrane only allows water to move across it through a facilitated diffusion mechanism.

c. This membrane contains the Na+/K+ pump. The membrane is made of oleate and linoleate.

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Beverley Smith
Beverley SmithLv2
29 Sep 2019
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Related questions

You have 3 membrane samples: (A): A membrane in which all fatty acids have 20 carbons and are saturated; (B) A membrane in which all fatty acids have 22 carbons and are saturated (C) A membrane in which all the fatty acids have 20 carbons and each has a single double bond. You solidify the membranes and then gradually increase the temperature and record the temperature that they become fluid. The transition temperatures are: -22 oC, 33 oC, and 45 oC. (1) Assign each of the transition temperatures to the correct membrane, and explain your reasoning. (2) How would the addition of cholesterol affect this experiment?

The table below shows the percent of each type of phospholipid fatty acid tail found in each type of the grass membranes on Oct. 2 and Dec. 8th. The first column in the table shows the length of the fatty acid tail and the number of double-bonds in the fatty acid. For example the fatty acid “16:0” would be a fatty acid that was 16 carbons long and had 0 double-bonds. The second and third columns show the percent of all phospholipid fatty acids that were of this type. For example, in grass collected on October 2nd, 23.9 % of the phospholipid fatty acids were 16 carbons long and had no double-bonds (16:0 type), and in the grass collected on Dec. 8th, 21.0 % of the phospholipid fatty acids were 16 carbons long and had no double-bonds (16:0 type).

Fatty Acid composition

of Phospholipids

October 2

December 8

% of phospholipids

% of phospholipids

16:0

23.9

21.0

16.1

0.4

0.7

18:0

0.8

0.4

18:1

9.6

6.1

18:2

34.4

38.6

18:3

30.2

32.4

20:0

0.7

0.7

A. For each date the grass was collected, calculate the total percent of phospholipid fatty acids that were saturated fatty acids and the total percent of phospholipid fatty acids that were unsaturated fatty acids.

B. Draw a column graph that shows the total percent of phospholipid fatty acids that were saturated for each date that grass was collected and the total percent of phospholipids that were unsaturated for each date that grass were collected.

C. Why are the % of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid tails on the phospholipids of the Oct 2nd collected grass and the Dec 8th collected grass not the same? Use your understanding of membrane fluidity to address why these percentages have changed during this time period.

D. During this experiment the concentration of cholesterol found in the membranes of the grass was also measured. On Oct. 2th the concentration of cholesterol was 1.10 umol/mg and on Dec. 8th the concentration of cholesterol was 1.22 umol/mg. Why did the concentration of cholesterol change? Use your understanding of membrane fluidity to address why these concentrations have changed during this time period.

A set of erythrocytes is placed in a beaker of 0.9% NaCl.Nothing appears to happen to the cells. Why?

0.9% NaCl is hypertonic to the cells.

Sodium blocks the movement of water.

0.9% NaCl is hypotonic to the cells.

0.9% NaCl is iostonic to the cells.

water has not moved at all.

Question 2

Select one answer.

Which substance would be mostlikely to pass through a lipid bilayer/plasma membrane withoutembedded proteins?

water

a steroid hormone

a large fatty acid

a large peptide hormone

a sodium ion

Question 3

Select all that apply.

Which of the following can cross the cell’s plasmamembrane without the assistance of protein transporters?Select all that apply.

large polar molecules

positively charged ions

small hydrophobic molecules

gasses

Question 4

Select one answer.

Biological Membranesare:

symmetrical.

impermeable.

static.

dynamic.

Question 5

Select one answer.

How does the selectivepermeability of the membrane help the cell.

This allows the cell to maintain the proper shape.

This allows the cell to regulate what enters and exits

This allows the cell to maintain a constant temperature.

All of these

Question 6

Select one answer.

What is the role of carbohydratesin the plasma membrane?

cellular identification

adhesion

transport materials across the membrane

help maintain fluidity

Question 7

Select one answer.

Which component of the plasmamembrane has the widest variety of functions?

sterols

carbohydrates

phospholipids

proteins

Question 8

Select one answer.

All of the following have aneffect on the fluidity of a membrane except:

interactions among fatty acids in the core of the bilayer

the cholesterol content

the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids

the presence of integral proteins in the membrane

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