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13 Mar 2019

The first and second laws of thermodynamics can be combined to provide us with an understanding of Gibbs free energy. How does this help us as cell biologists?

A)

This allows us to determine how fast a reaction will occur.
B)

This allows us to determine the Vmax of an enzyme catalyzed reaction.
C)

This allows us to determine the activation energy of a chemical reaction.
D)

This allows us to predict how favorable or unfavorable a biochemical reaction will be.

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Bunny Greenfelder
Bunny GreenfelderLv2
14 Mar 2019

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Related questions

NEED HELP FAST! please answer each question with 2 pargraph

1.What is energy? What are the laws of thermodynamics and what do they describe? What is Gibbs Free energy? What reactions are spontaneous and how come?

2.What is the energy activation barrier? How do enzymes overcome this? Explain why enzymes are substrate specific and how they work. How can enzyme action be inhibited? (mention ALL the factors that can cause an enzyme to fall apart or slow down or not work at all)

Chapters 9 and 10 Respiration and Photosynthesis

Describe each step of cellular respiration with labeled diagrams, including the ATP involved and the general equation. (WORTH TRIPLE POINTS)

Question 1

Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that

A.

glucose cannot enter the cell.

B.

the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others.

C.

plasma membranes must be very thick.

Question 2

Oxygen molecules O2 crosse a plasma membrane by

A.

passive transport

B.

osmosis

C.

active transport

Question 3

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

A. energy and channel proteins; against (up)

B. transport proteins that make channels ; down

C. energy ; down

Question 4

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

A. move to the side with lower water concentration

B.

move to the side with higher water concentration

C.

move to the side with lower solute concentration

Question 5

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

A.

chemical energy is a particular form of kinetic energy.

B.

kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object, whereas chemical energy is the potential energy of molecules.

C.

kinetic energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work, and chemical energy is the energy of movement.

Question 6

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.

A.

exergonic; endergonic

B.

endergonic; exergonic

C.

spontaneous; exergonic

Question 7

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction

A. it raises the activation energy of the reaction.

B. it lowers the activation energy of the reaction.

C. it is used once and discarded.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false?

A. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape.

B. Enzymes are very specific for their substrates.

C. Enzymes are used up when they catalyze a chemical reaction so must be synthesized for each new chemical reaction

. Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are linked in orderto provide you with energy from the food you eat.

Include in your essay:

  • Complete descriptions of photosynthesis and aerobicrespiration.
  • Describe how these two processes are linked between plants andanimals based on the reactants and products (water, carbon dioxide,glucose and oxygen) of both pathways.
  • Include a description of how energy is transferred fromsunlight to ATP, from ATP to sugars, and from sugars to yourcells.

2. In the absence of oxygen some cells and organisms can useglycolysis coupled to fermentation to produce energy from the sugarcreated by photosynthesis.

  • Explain the role of fermentation in allowing an organism togenerate energy for its cell(s) in the absence of oxygen.
  • Include any reactions required for this process, and explainhow the energy from the sun ends up as chemical energy for theanaerobic organism or cell.

3. Cells use enzymes as biological catalysts to increase oraccelerate the rate of reactions, such as those in photosynthesisor glycolysis. This allows reactions to occur under conditions thatsustain life.

  • Explain how an enzyme catalyzes a reaction. Include in youressay the three main steps of the cycle of enzyme-substrateinteractions.
  • How is enzyme activity regulated by the cell?

Reference

Audesirk, T., Audesirk, G., and Byers, B. (2008). Biology ΓƒΒ’Γ’Β‚Β¬Γ’Β€ΒœLife on earth with physiology (8th Ed.). San Francisco, CA:Benjamin Cummings.

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