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1 Feb 2019

Which letter of each of the following that is true for the Bsubunit of DNA polymerase III?

A.) Î² can bind enzymes other than DNA polymerase III, such as DNApolymerase I and DNA ligase
B.) Î² is involved (directly or indirectly) in the hydrolysis of ATPon DnaA bound the DNA

C.) Î² is relased by DNA polymerase III once an Okazaki fragmenthas been synthesized

D.) Î² is a homodimer that is directly dimerized by Ï (tau)

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Hubert KochLv2

1 Feb 2019

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Related questions

In addition to identifying the genetic material, the experiments of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty with different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that

	DNA is a double helix.
	DNA may be taken up by bacterial cells and be active.
	DNA is present in bacteriophage T2.
	eukaryotic cells may be genetically transformed.
	DNA binds to the cell wall of the bacterium.

In order to show that DNA in cell extracts is responsible for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae, important corroborating evidence should indicate that _______ also destroy transforming activity.

	temperatures high enough to kill cells
	enzymes that hydrolyze proteins
	enzymes that hydrolyze DNA
	enzymes that hydrolyze polysaccharides
	enzymes that hydrolyze RNA

Based on what you have learned about the experiments conducted by Griffith and Avery and colleagues with bacteria, which of the following would result in transformation of living R cells?

	Pure RNA from S cells
	Cell-membrane extracts from S cells
	A mixture of pure RNA and protein from S cells
	Cell-free extracts from S cells
	Pure protein from S cells

A-T base pairs in a DNA double helix

	form three hydrogen bonds with each other.
	are more heat-stable than G-C base pairs.
	are of a substantially different length than G-C base pairs.
	are not accessible to DNA binding proteins.
	are chemically distinct from G-C base pairs.

If 23 percent of the bases in a sample of double-stranded DNA are adenine, what percentage of the bases are uracil?

	27
	50
	0
	73
	23

The uniform diameter of the DNA structure provides evidence for

	antiparallel DNA strands.
	a right-handed helix.
	a double-stranded helix.
	3â² end phosphorylation.
	purineâpyrimidine pairing.

If a sequence of one strand of DNA is 5â²-TGACTATC-3â², what is the complementary strand?

	5â²-ACTGATAG-3â²
	3â²-TGACTATC-5â²
	3â²-ACTGATAG-5â²
	3â²-ACTGATAG-3â²
	5â²-TGACTATC-3â²

What structural aspect of the DNA facilitates dissociation of the two DNA strands for replication?

	3â² end phosphorylation
	Purineâpyrimidine pairing
	Antiparallel DNA strands
	Covalent bonds between sugars and phosphate groups
	Hydrogen bonding between paired bases

If the MeselsonâStahl density gradient experiment had resulted in two bands of DNA molecules after only one round of replication, one containing only ¹⁵N and the second only ¹⁴N, this result would have indicated that replication was

	unidirectional.
	dispersive.
	conservative.
	bidirectional.
	semiconservative.

10.

The nucleoside analogue acyclovir, which is used to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, lacks a 3â² hydroxyl group (âOH). Predict what will happen if the host cell DNA polymerase incorporates a molecule of acyclovir into an elongating strand of HSV DNA.

	The replication complex will no longer bind to origins of replication.
	The DNA polymerase will only incorporate acyclovir molecules.
	Acyclovir will bind single-strand binding proteins.
	DNA polymerase will not be able to link a successive nucleotide.
	Acyclovir will block the activity of the DNA helicase.

11.

Which of the following does not demonstrate the stability of the DNA double helix?

	Single-strand binding proteins are required to keep the strands apart.
	Paired bases form hydrogen bonds.
	High temperatures are required to denature it.
	DNA synthesis requires energy.
	DNA helicases require ATP.

12.

What effect would a primase inhibitor have on DNA replication?

	DNA polymerase would not be able to add bases to the DNA.
	Primase would be blocked from joining the DNA replication complex.
	Primase would not be able to provide primers for DNA polymerases.
	DNA polymerase would not be able to use DNA as a template.
	There would be no effect on DNA replication.

13.

To replicate their DNA in a timely manner, most eukaryotic chromosomes

	normally have uncoiled DNA.
	have multiple origins of replication.
	contain linear molecules of single-stranded DNA.
	have two replication forks that move in the same direction.
	are composed entirely of DNA.

14.

Which statement about DNA replication is false?

	Okazaki fragments are synthesized as parts of the leading strand.
	Error rates for DNA replication are reduced by proofreading of the DNA polymerase.
	The sliding clamp increases the rate of DNA synthesis.
	Replication forks represent areas of active DNA synthesis on the chromosomes.
	Ligases and polymerases function in the vicinity of replication forks.

15.

In many eukaryotes, there are repetitive sequences called telomeres at the ends of chromosomes. After successive rounds of DNA replication, the _______ strand becomes shorter. In some cells, an enzyme called _______ repairs the shortened strand.

	leading; telomerase
	lagging; telomerase
	lagging; DNA polymerase I
	leading; DNA polymerase I
	leading; replicase

16.

A researcher studies normal human fibroblast cells. They can be maintained in culture but die off after about 30 cell generations. Unexpectedly, a colony of cells continues to survive and divide past 30 generations. Which scenario is most likely true for these cells?

	DNA polymerase is constantly active.
	Primase is able to extend the telomeres.
	The mismatch repair system is extra efficient.
	The telomerase gene is being expressed.
	The cells do not need the ends of their chromosomes.

17.

If DNA polymerase III introduces an incorrect nucleotide, what is the first corrective action made by the DNA repair system?

	The replication complex excises the incorrect nucleotide.
	The excision repair proteins remove the incorrect nucleotide.
	The mismatch repair system scans for base-pairing mismatches.
	There is no correction, because nucleotide errors by DNA polymerases are not repaired.
	DNA ligase connects the correct nucleotide.

18.

Choose the correct order of the following four events in the excision repair of DNA:
(1) Base-paired DNA is made complementary to the template.
(2) Damaged bases are recognized.
(3) DNA ligase seals the new strand to existing DNA.
(4) Part of a single strand is excised.

	1, 2, 3, 4
	2, 1, 3, 4
	3, 4, 2, 1
	2, 4, 1, 3
	4, 2, 3, 1

19.

Six complete cycles of PCR should result in a _______-fold increase in the amount of DNA.

	64
	32
	12
	128
	6

20.

When double-stranded DNA is heated to temperatures above 90Â°C, it denatures. Denaturation is a process that

	breaks covalent bonds.
	hydrolyzes DNA.
	separates double-stranded DNA into two single strands.
	causes new hydrogen bonds to form.
	irreversibly destroys the double helical structure.

View/perform/read ALL THREE of the following prior to answeringthe questions.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120078/micro10.swf::Stepsin Cloning a Gene (Links to an external site.)

http://www.discoverbiotech.com/wiki/-/wiki/Main/Applications ofCloning (Links to an external site.)

http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cloning/cloning.htm(Links to an external site.)

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From the list below, which of the following is the most logicalsequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid andinserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
I. Transformbacteria with recombinant DNA molecule
II. Cutthe plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes
III. Extractplasmid DNA from bacterial cells
IV. Hydrogen-bondthe plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA fragments
V. Useligase to seal plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA

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Plasmids (or vectors) are important in biotechnology becausethey are

a vehicle for the insertion ofrecombinant DNA into bacteria.

surfaces for respiratoryprocesses in bacteria.

recognition sites onrecombinant DNA strands.

surfaces for protein synthesisin eukaryotic recombinants.

proviruses incorporated intothe host DNA

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Plasmids are put into bacterial cells by

restriction enzymes

DNA ligase

binding of cohesive stickyends

transformation

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Restriction enzymes usually

cut donor DNA evenly so smoothedges result

cut donor DNA but do notaffect plasmids

make staggered cuts atspecific sequences in DNA in both donor DNA and plasmid

are used in ligating plasmidsinto bacterial host cells

more than one of theabove

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After combining DNA fragments in a cloning experiment, ___ isused to covalently join the DNA segments.

Restriction enzyme

DNA Ligase

Reverse transcriptase

DNA polymerase

Helicase

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It is theoretically possible for a gene from any organism tofunction in any other organism. Why is this possible?

All organisms haveribosomes.

All organisms have the samegenetic code.

All organisms are made up ofcells.

All organisms have similarnuclei.

All organisms have transferRNA.

Flag this Question

Skip to question text.

Assume that you are trying to insert a gene into a plasmid andsomeone gives you a DNA sample cut with restriction enzyme X. Thegene you wish to insert from the given sample has sites on bothends for cutting by restriction enzyme Y. You have a plasmid with asingle site for Y, but not for X. Your strategy should be to

cut the plasmid withrestriction enzyme X and insert the fragments cut with Y into theplasmid.

cut the plasmid with enzyme Xand then insert the gene into the plasmid.

cut the DNA again withrestriction enzyme Y and insert these fragments into the plasmidcut with the same enzyme.

cut the plasmid twice withrestriction enzyme Y and ligate the two fragments onto the ends ofthe human DNA fragments cut with restriction enzyme X.

insert the fragments cut withX directly into the plasmid without cutting the plasmid.

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Which of the following is/are false in regard to expressionplasmids (also called expression vectors)?

They are used to make proteinsusing a cloned gene.

They contain a promotor.

They are the first plasmidtype used to clone a gene.

They contain aterminator.

More than one of the above isfalse.

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What is NOT a potential problem(s) associated with usingbacteria containing a cloned eukaryotic gene (e.g. a human gene) toproduce a functional protein?

If the eukaryotic genecontains introns the bacteria will not remove them and theresulting amino acid sequence will be different that that made by aeukaryote.

The bacteria may not fold theprotein correctly.

The bacteria may degrade theprotein.

All of the above are potentialproblems.

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Cloning allows for production of proteins in much larger amountsthan occurs in the cells from which the gene is isolated.

True

False

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Question 111 pts

Gene cloning is used to do all of the following except

Make insulin

Making genetically identicalanimals (e.g. Dolly the sheep)

Make vaccines

Perform Gene Therapy

Making genetically engineeredplants

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In your

mauvecattle119

Multiple answers to each question might be possible!

You decide to identify the CFTR mutation by analyzing the genomic DNA of your patients compared to healthy individuals. You specifically are looking to see whether a specific 3' gene truncation has occurred in the patients. You will determine this using hybridization techniques with samples from healthy and CF patients. Which of the following will allow you to accomplish this?

	Using an RNA probe complementary to the region not removed by the truncation.
	Using an RNA probe complementary to the region removed by the truncation.
	Using an DNA probe complementary to the region not removed by the truncation.
	Using an DNA probe complementary to the region removed by the truncation.

To conduct the hybridization experiment, you are trying to decide between using a DNA or RNA probe. Which would be ideal to use and why?

	As both are composed of nucleic acids, using either would result in identical results.
	An RNA probe because RNA has uracil bases.
	An RNA probe because it could also be used in a translation experiment.
	A DNA probe because it is more stable than RNA.
	A DNA probe because RNA cannot bind to DNA.

One step of the Hershey/Chase experiment involved blending the virus/cell mixture before centrifugation and probing the pellet for radioactivity. Why was the blending step necessary?

	To collect the bacteria at the bottom of the tube.
	To break open the bacteria to release the genome.
	To separate the bacteria from the bacteriophages.
	To be able to detect the radioactivity.

Imagine Hershey/Chase had used an RNA virus (genome composed of RNA) instead of a DNA virus in their experiment. Would radioactivity still have been found in the pellet?

	No, because only DNA can be labeled with radioactivity.
	No, because the RNA genome would not enter the bacteria upon infection.
	No, because while DNA and RNA nucleotides are similar, they are not identical.
	Yes, because DNA and RNA nucleotides are similar.
	Yes, because genome in any form (DNA, RNA, protein) would be labeled similarly.

The human genome consists mostly of non-coding DNA. Which of the following are benefits of this?

	Random DNA mutations generally won't affect RNA and protein function.
	It is faster to duplicate the genome when these are present.
	The existence of introns can lead to multiple variations of proteins encoded by a single gene.
	It is unlikely transposons would exist in the genome if there was too much protein coding DNA.

Explain the 5â to 3â directionality of a DNA stand.

	It is due to the fact that the free 5â carbon is on one end and the free 3â carbon is on the other
	It is due to the fact that new nucleotide are added to the 5â carbon of the previous nucleotide
	It is due to the fact that there are 3 phosphate groups attached to the 5â carbon
	It is due to the fact the complementary strand is 3â to 5â
	More than one of the above explain the 5â to 3â directionality

You accidentally add a mutant dNTP (which has an H instead of an OH connected to the 3â carbon) to a reaction where DNA is being replicated. Which of the following is true of this mutant dNTP?

	It can be incorporated into DNA strand but cannot form a phosphodiester bond with an incoming wild type dNTP
	It can be incorporated into a DNA strand but cannot base pair with a complementary nucleotide
	It can be incorporated into a DNA strand and can form a phosphodiester bond with an incoming dNTP, but only if it is another mutant dNTP
	It cannot be incorporated into a DNA strand.

Why does DNA polymerase utilize an RNA primer?

	DNA polymerase is unable to initiate strand synthesis but RNA polymerase can
	DNA polymerase can only add a dNTP to an rNTP
	DNA synthesis proceeds in the 3â to 5â when initiating strand synthesis
	Chromosomal DNA contains interspersed RNA fragments
	The RNA primer increases stability of the newly synthesized strand