<p>The word part eu- means "true," pro- means "before," and kary- means "nucleus." With this information, explain why the words prokaryote and eukaryote are good terms for the organisms they describe. What do the terms suggest about the evolution of these organisms?</p>

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Reid WolffLv2

1 Mar 2018

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. List and describe 3 synapomorphies for the clade Eukaryota 2. Define clade, homology, synapomorphy, and analogy in your own words. 3. Explain the role of symbiotic associations in the evolution of major eukaryotic organelles. What evidence supports this role? 4. Name and describe an example of a single-celled protozoan from each of the following Eukaryote lineages: Unikonts, Rhizaria, Aveolates, and Excavates (hint â we looked at each of these in lab). 5. Define the term parsimony and explain how it is used in determining evolutionary relationships among organisms. 6. Describe the cytoskeleton of Eukaryotes. What types of proteins does it consist of? What is it used for? 7. Examine Table 1.1 in your textbook. There are just 6 Phyla (not Subphyla) of animals that contain 1% or more of the wroldâs animal species. Which ones are they?

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Evolution and Speciation

Define evolution. Why is it inaccurate for creationists to tout evolution as âjust a theoryâ? (Think about what theory actually means in scientific terms vs. the use of the word âtheoryâ in casual conversations).

Explain what the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium shows and describe the conditions necessary for the equilibrium to be maintained.

Explain what factors cause populations to diverge from the Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium and how each factor causes the change.

Describe how species evolve via natural selection. (Be sure to discuss the key aspects of natural selection: variation, heredity differential survival and reproductive success in your answer).

What does speciation mean and how can it occur?

What does adaptation mean? Why is natural selection the only agent of evolutionary change that leads to adaptation? (Think about how natural selection works).

Is natural selection all powerful? Can it create any variation that you or I could think of? Why or why not?

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What is reproductive isolation?

Describe prezygotic and postzygotic mechanisms of reproductive isolation and explain how they can contribute to speciation.

Distinguish between allopatric and sympatric speciation and explain how each leads to new species.

What is adaptive radiation?

Be able to read and interpret phylogenetic trees: be able to determine which species are most closely related to each other, what nodes represent, where common ancestors would be located, etc.

What are paraphyletic, polyphyletic and monophyletic groups within a phylogeny?

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I NEED A VERY DETAILED EXPERT HELP ON THIS. IT HAS TO BE HALF PAGE LONG AND IT CAN HAVE OTHER SOURCES CITED IN IT AS WELL. PLEASE READ CAREFULLY BEFORE ANSWERING. I WILL LEAVE A VERY GOOD FEEDBACK IF YOU ARE RIGHT. THANK YOU!

In various parts of our class we have dealt with the evolution of virulence.

A. If a pathogen is directly transmitted from person to person, what would be the expectation in terms of evolution of virulence? Explain why that might be. You can give an example, but just the example is not sufficient.

B. Malaria and other vector borne diseases complicate the picture, and a case could be made for moderate virulence as the optimal evolutionary outcome for Plasmodium. Explain why this might be (hint: consider the symptoms and general condition of moderately ill malaria patients, and what this means for transmission ofPlasmodium)

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