18. Health care professionals are concerned over the rise in antibiotic resistant bacterial strains. Exposure to antibiotics presents a selective environment that favors the evolution of resistance in bacteria. Which lines of evidence suggest that antibiotic resistance evolved a long time ago in bacteria (pre-dating the use of antibiotics by humans)? How and why has antibiotic resistance evolved in bacteria prior to exposure to antibiotic use by humans? What role does exposure to modern antibiotics play in the evolution of antibiotic resistance genes and mechanisms? Based upon the study by Baym et al. 2016, how does the evolution of antibiotic resistance in different bacterial strains inform drug discovery and better design of antibiotics and antimicrobials for human pathogens?
18. Health care professionals are concerned over the rise in antibiotic resistant bacterial strains. Exposure to antibiotics presents a selective environment that favors the evolution of resistance in bacteria. Which lines of evidence suggest that antibiotic resistance evolved a long time ago in bacteria (pre-dating the use of antibiotics by humans)? How and why has antibiotic resistance evolved in bacteria prior to exposure to antibiotic use by humans? What role does exposure to modern antibiotics play in the evolution of antibiotic resistance genes and mechanisms? Based upon the study by Baym et al. 2016, how does the evolution of antibiotic resistance in different bacterial strains inform drug discovery and better design of antibiotics and antimicrobials for human pathogens?
