3) Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, which of the following parties is responsible for collecting and analyzing levels of regulated contaminants in New Mexico drinking water
a) US EPA
b) State Drinking Water Bureau
c) Public drinking water suppliers
d) Homeowners with private water wells
4) Albuquerque relied entirely on groundwater for it's drinking water until 2008, when it began also using surface water supplied by the San Juan-Chama project. Once the water utility started blending chlorinated surface water with treated groundwater, one would expect that exposures to disinfection byproducts to increase within the population served by the water utility.
True
False
5)
The half-life of methylmercury in the blood is approximately 70 days. This toxicokinetic measure is one of the main reasons that the FDA fish consumption guidelines include not only pregnant women but all women of reproductive age.
True
False
6) Some groundwater in New Mexico is naturally high in uranium, a metallic element associated with increased cancer risk and kidney toxicity. Which of the following options would a public water utility be legally allowed to use under the SDWA to address uranium levels in their water which exceeded the uranium MCL.
A. Blend their water with other water much lower in uranium to reduce levels below the MCL
B. Change to a different water source that meets the uranium MCL.
C. Provide uranium filters to all their water customers with instructions with how to install on their house tap.
D. Notify customers of high uranium content and provide water consumption guidelines similar to FDA fish consumption advisory.
E. All the above
F. A and B Only
7) Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, chemicals known or suspected of being human carcinogens are permitted to be present in public drinking water.
True
False
8) A real estate developer in Santa Fe wants to create a "Totally-Green" community for wayward Hollywood types that features on-site wastewater recycling, 100% solar energy, and drinking water supplied solely by a large community rainwater collection and storage device called the "Earth Mother" He indicates to prospective clients that this will be a very exclusive community consisting of just 20 individual households, each situated on roughly five acres of land. Based on these characteristics, this community would be exempt from SDWA rules and regulations.
True
False
9) Which of the following factors might regulators take into account when considering whether to revise lower the MCL for a particular water contaminant.
a) Magnitude of health protection afforded by lowering MCL
b) Additional cost associated with reducing contaminant levels to meet revised MCL
c) Technological feasibility of lowering contaminant level to meet revised MCL
d) All the above
10) In 2015, investigators from Virginia Technical University collected samples of tap water from 252 households in Flint Michigan and analyzed them for lead content. They found that 40% of the samples contained lead in excess of 5 ppb and 10% of the samples (90th percentile) contained greater than 25 ppb of lead. Several samples exceeded 100 ppb and one sample exceeded 1,000 ppb. One reasonable explanation for this wide variation in water lead levels from one house to another in Flint would be variation in the presence and prevalence of leaded plumbing in each household.
True
False
11) Which of the following toxicological principles best explains why cancer-causing water contaminants are much more likely to have a Maximal Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) of zero compared to contaminants associated only with non-cancer effects.
a) Differing toxicokinetics
b) Inorganic versus non-organic effects
c) Shape of dose-response curve
d) Differential absorption
3) Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, which of the following parties is responsible for collecting and analyzing levels of regulated contaminants in New Mexico drinking water
a) US EPA
b) State Drinking Water Bureau
c) Public drinking water suppliers
d) Homeowners with private water wells
4) Albuquerque relied entirely on groundwater for it's drinking water until 2008, when it began also using surface water supplied by the San Juan-Chama project. Once the water utility started blending chlorinated surface water with treated groundwater, one would expect that exposures to disinfection byproducts to increase within the population served by the water utility.
True
False
5)
The half-life of methylmercury in the blood is approximately 70 days. This toxicokinetic measure is one of the main reasons that the FDA fish consumption guidelines include not only pregnant women but all women of reproductive age.
True
False
6) Some groundwater in New Mexico is naturally high in uranium, a metallic element associated with increased cancer risk and kidney toxicity. Which of the following options would a public water utility be legally allowed to use under the SDWA to address uranium levels in their water which exceeded the uranium MCL.
A. Blend their water with other water much lower in uranium to reduce levels below the MCL
B. Change to a different water source that meets the uranium MCL.
C. Provide uranium filters to all their water customers with instructions with how to install on their house tap.
D. Notify customers of high uranium content and provide water consumption guidelines similar to FDA fish consumption advisory.
E. All the above
F. A and B Only
7) Under the Safe Drinking Water Act, chemicals known or suspected of being human carcinogens are permitted to be present in public drinking water.
True
False
8) A real estate developer in Santa Fe wants to create a "Totally-Green" community for wayward Hollywood types that features on-site wastewater recycling, 100% solar energy, and drinking water supplied solely by a large community rainwater collection and storage device called the "Earth Mother" He indicates to prospective clients that this will be a very exclusive community consisting of just 20 individual households, each situated on roughly five acres of land. Based on these characteristics, this community would be exempt from SDWA rules and regulations.
True
False
9) Which of the following factors might regulators take into account when considering whether to revise lower the MCL for a particular water contaminant.
a) Magnitude of health protection afforded by lowering MCL
b) Additional cost associated with reducing contaminant levels to meet revised MCL
c) Technological feasibility of lowering contaminant level to meet revised MCL
d) All the above
10) In 2015, investigators from Virginia Technical University collected samples of tap water from 252 households in Flint Michigan and analyzed them for lead content. They found that 40% of the samples contained lead in excess of 5 ppb and 10% of the samples (90th percentile) contained greater than 25 ppb of lead. Several samples exceeded 100 ppb and one sample exceeded 1,000 ppb. One reasonable explanation for this wide variation in water lead levels from one house to another in Flint would be variation in the presence and prevalence of leaded plumbing in each household.
True
False
11) Which of the following toxicological principles best explains why cancer-causing water contaminants are much more likely to have a Maximal Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) of zero compared to contaminants associated only with non-cancer effects.
a) Differing toxicokinetics
b) Inorganic versus non-organic effects
c) Shape of dose-response curve
d) Differential absorption
