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31 Oct 2018

I have always been told to watch to see if ant-hole mounds arebuilt up as a sign of imminent rainfall. My questions are,

if what I have always been told is true, then by what mechanismdo ants 'sense' the imminent rainfall? Is it a case of sensing airpressure drop, increasing humidity or both?

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Jamar Ferry
Jamar FerryLv2
3 Nov 2018

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Related questions

Please help answer 4 questions:

1. Using the information provided thus far by both Parts I and II, answer the following questions.

What problems both stated and unstated does Phyllis seem to be experiencing? What pieces of background information (patient environment and social/family history) have been provided by the family?

2. Distinguish between the relevant and non relevant symptoms/lab results needed to form a diagnosis. Of the relevant symptoms/lab results, rank them in priority and defend your answer.

3. Given what you know about the role of myelin in action potential propagation and the key information previously identified in questions 1 and 2, explain why multiple sclerosis is the appropriate diagnosis.

4. Consider you are the physician, what would be your strategy to slow progression of the disease and compensate for reduced neuronal function? What is the long-term prognosis with treatment?

The Soccer Mom:

A Case Study on the Nervous System

by

Jennifer Bolognese, Misti Coronel, Anita Intorre, and

Phil Stephens Biology Department Villanova University

Part I—At the Soccer Game

Thirty-two-year-old Phyllis Jackson was sitting on the bench at the side of the soccer ?eld, sipping a bottle of

Gatorade. Her husband, Steven, sat next to her with a concerned expression. “I’m really worried about you, honey,” he said.

“I’m just a little dehydrated; I’ll be ?ne.”

“If this were the ?rst incident, then maybe I’d agree with you. But your boss has been on your case about your lack of concentration at work, you forgot to pick up the kids from school last week, and quite frankly, you haven’t exactly been yourself with me lately. Now you’re having fainting spells during games? Something doesn’t seem right.”

“I know things haven’t been going well for me lately, but I don’t know why. I try so hard at work, at home, with the kids, to be a good wife. So maybe all this stress has made me a little unfocused and disoriented. What do you want me to do about it?” Phyllis said, blinking back tears.

“I think you should see a doctor,” Steven replied, putting his arm around her and drawing her close. “The kids are getting worried, too.”

Phyllis sighed. “Alright, if it will make you feel better. I really just think I need some time to relax, though.” “Well… I could drop the kids of at my sister’s tonight; that would give us a little free time…”

“That’s really thoughtful of you. I could de?nitely use a quiet night at home, maybe even go to bed early.” Steven seemed disappointed.

Part II—The Doctor Visit

“So, what seems to be the problem, Mrs. Jackson?” Dr. Warner asked Phyllis.

“My husband wanted me to come in and see you after I fainted during my soccer game Saturday. I’ve also been having some problems at work, but I think I’m just stressed.”

“What kinds of problems have you been having at work?”

“It’s been hard to concentrate on tasks. I’ve also had some problems typing—I’ve been making more errors than usual, and oftentimes my ?ngers will go numb.”

“I see,” said Dr. Warner, taking a few notes on his clipboard. “According to my records you are not on any long term medication. Have you noticed any problems outside of work?”

“Well, my husband has been complaining about our personal life lately. And last week, I completely forgot that I was supposed to pick up our two daughters after school. I’ve been feeling really tired lately; even my coordination seems of.”

“How long has this been going on for?”

“A few weeks, but this isn’t the ?rst time. These problems seem to come and go, but it’s getting to the point where I can’t just ignore them anymore. I don’t know, maybe I’m just depressed.”

“Why do you say that?”

“My mother suffered from depression throughout my childhood.”

“Well, depression certainly could cause some of the symptoms you’re experiencing,” Dr. Warner said thoughtfully. “Is there a history in your family of any neurological disorders?” “I don’t think so. I have some vague recollection of my grandfather in a wheelchair when I was really young, but I don’t know what was wrong with him.”

“Okay,” said the doctor, nodding. “Well, the few preliminary tests we’ve run show that you are not pregnant, and that you are not going through menopause. I’d like to send you to see Dr. Thrush, a friend and colleague of mine. She is a neurologist at the local hospital and she will run a few tests to explore your symptoms a little further.”

Questions: Analyze

1. Using the information provided thus far by both Parts I and II, answer the following questions.

What problems both stated and unstated does Phyllis seem to be experiencing? What pieces of background information (patient environment and social/family history) have been provided by the family?

Part III—Diagnostic Tests

Dr. Thrush looked over the results of Phyllis’s Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mri) and evoked potential tests. She was thinking how glad she was that Steven had accompanied Phyllis on this visit as she showed them the MR images of Phyllis’ brain.

“The machine took pictures of Phyllis’ brain in slices. The dark areas are the brain tissue, Phyllis, and the white areas in the middle and around the outside are the cerebrospinal ?uid.”

“Is that normal? Am I ok?” Phyllis asked. “And what are those little white dots in the tissue?”

“The white dots are what concerned me,” replied the doctor. “So we did another type of mri, called dark ?uid, so that your cerebrospinal ?uid would not show up white.”

“But I still see the white dots in my brain tissue. What does that mean?”

The doctor looked down, knowing that this was never an easy thing to tell a patient.

“I am afraid that this indicates that there are plaques or scars in your brain, and that you may have multiple sclerosis.”

Tears began to form in her eyes as Phyllis squeezed her husband’s hand.

“I am afraid that the evoked potential test and the elevated levels of myelin basic protein in you cerebrospinal ?uid indicate the same thing.”

Questions: Evaluate and Apply

2. Distinguish between the relevant and non relevant symptoms/lab results needed to form a diagnosis. Of the relevant symptoms/lab results, rank them in priority and defend your answer.

3. Given what you know about the role of myelin in action potential propagation and the key information previously identified in questions 1 and 2, explain why multiple sclerosis is the appropriate diagnosis.

Part IV—The Diagnosis

Dr. Thrush informed Phyllis that she was probably suffering from the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (ms), in which relapses of symptoms are separated by periods of remission. ms is a disorder in which the myelination of axons is degraded due to unknown factors. The most commonly accepted explanation is that ms is an autoimmune disorder in which myelin in the central nervous system is attacked by the body’s own immune system. There is no known cure for multiple sclerosis. During remission, axons affected by the disorder regain their function. Voltage-gated sodium channels are concentrated in the nodes of Ranvier and the distribution changes at disease onset.

Questions: Create

4. Consider you are the physician, what would be your strategy to slow progression of the disease and compensate for reduced neuronal function? What is the long-term prognosis with treatment?

Thank you for your time with this

“Hello, I am Lillian Tudor, and I was married to my high school sweetheart, Earl, for 53 wonderful years. He died 2 years ago and I miss him to this day. Earl and I had three children, two of whom passed before Earl. Our oldest daughter, Leigh, is still helping me around the house and is a blessing to me in my old age. Let me tell you something. Getting old ain’t for sissies! I’m 84 years old as of last month. Leigh had the family meet at a buffet restaurant in town for a surprise party! It was nice to see the grandkids, because they don’t stop by often enough with their busy lives. Lynn, the oldest, has a great husband and two kids with more energy than what seems humanly possible. Leigh complains that they are too loud, but I think everyone else talks too softly these days! In fact, when Leigh comes over to take me to the doctor, she’s always telling me my television is too loud. “I have a lot of doctors who I see. There’s one for my heart and blood pressure who says my cholesterol is too high and wants me to start a new medicine. Another one is for the diabetes, which makes me use those stupid syringes to take insulin. And the last one is for trying to help me with my stiff knees and sore joints. Like I said, getting old ain’t for a sissy! Did I mention the adult briefs I wear to help with my bladder leakage? It’s those dang water pills that I take to keep my feet from swelling so badly. All in all, it’s not a bad life.” In addition to what Lillian has told you, here is a list of her current medications. Captopril 25 mg, three times a day Alprazolam (Xanax) 0.5 mg, by mouth as needed for anxiety Insulin lispro (Humalog) 7 units subcutaneous TID, 15 minutes before meals Tramadol for arthritis pain Furosemide 40 mg, twice per day Ciprofloxacin 250 mg every 12 hours Pilocarpine eye drops, two drops each eye, four times a day Lasix 60 mg, once per day in the morning Select one medication and answer the following questions. If this was a medication order, do you have enough information to safely administer the medication? Please explain your answer and provide the missing information, if any. What is the medication’s classification? Does it have any special considerations about which the nurse should be aware? Why is Lillian taking this medication? If you are unsure based on the information you’ve been given thus far, list common reasons for this medication to be given. Does this medication present any possible adverse interactions with the other medications Lillian is taking? For your first post this week, select one medication and answer all four questions from above.

I have a research paper about HIV. I need good articles and where i find them to satisfy my research paper. the research should include the following:

a. the manner in which the disease is transmitted (oral-fecal route, inhalation, casual contact, sexual contact, vector-transmitted ex. Tick, mosquito, kissing bug, Tsetse fly, blackfly, snail, etc.,)

b. as well as the causative agent (bacteria, virus, worm, protozoan, prion).

You should also discuss a brief history of the disease (including the infectious part of the lifecycle if it is a parasite), where it is endemic (always found) and where it has spread, the general symptoms and stages of symptoms if there are such stages.

Mention if this disease is currently on the WHO website or CDC watch list. Several diseases may be classified as potential biological weapons, which you should mention if that is true for your disease. You might want to cite (or hypothesize) the reason your disease is considered a potential weapon, which might include communicability, death rate, or some other quality.

When discussing treatment, you can mention (brief) historical treatment, but should focus on vaccines (if there are any), the most recent drugs availableand the method of action of such drugs.

Finally, discuss if there is an outbreak in the world at the moment, how long it has been a concern, and what is being done to slow or stop this disease.

*References for this paper are important

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