Average temperature since 1880 has increased more rapidly
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I need help with these multiple choices as soon as possible please. Please take your time to answer these below. This is Ecology class. This should not take much time. I would apreciate your time and help.
(5). The main reservoir of oxygen is in:
A. The atmosphere B. Bedrock C. The ocean D. None of the above.
(8). You would expect to find tropical rain forest at
A. 90 degree north to 60-degree north latitude B. 60 degree north to 40-degree north latitude
C. 40 degree north to 10-degree north latitude D. 10 degree north to 10-degree south latitude
E. 10 degree south to 40-degree south latitude
(10). During the winter solstice in Windsor, the sunâs rays are most intense over the
A. Equator B. North Pole C. South pole D. Tropic of cancer E. Tropic of Capricorn.
(11). This satellite photograph (right). Is showing of rain storms over Pacific Ocean. This photograph is NOT illustrating:
A. The interaction of the northern hemisphere Hadley air cell and the southern hemisphere Hadley air cell
B. The intertropical convergence Zone. C. The effect of a high-pressure system
D. The formation of a monsoon.
(15). Which of the following scenarios in the troposphere is correct?
A. As altitude increases, temperature increases and atmosphere pressure Increases.
B. As altitude increases, temperature decreases and atmosphere pressure Increases.
C. As altitude increases, temperature increases and atmosphere pressure Decreases
D. As altitude increases, temperature decreased and atmosphere pressure decreases. E. None of the above
(17). In the northern hemisphere, the zone of desertification is:
A. 45 degree north to 60-degrees north island B. centered around 30 degrees north latitude
C. 40 degree north to 10 degrees north latitude D. 0 degree north to 10-degree south latitude
(18). Which of the following would you expect to see the greatest amount of yearly precipitation?
A. At the pole B. Where the polar air cell and the Ferrel air cell collide
C. Where the Ferrel air cell and Hadley air cell collide D. At the south pole.
(20). El Nino events occur off the coast of Peru during the southern hemisphereâs:
A. Late fall/Early winter B. Late winter/ early spring C. Late spring/early summer D. Late summer/early fall.
(23). During EL Nino:
A. The surface coastal waters off Peru increase on nutrients B. Peruvians waters increases fish population
C. Weather in Windsor is not affected D. Causes the pacific coastal waters of south America to become warmer
E. Coastal communities along the pacific shores of south America becomes dryer
How has the average surface temperature of Earth changed over the past century? Where has this change in temperature been most pronounced? How are increasing surface temperatures affecting ectothermic vs. endothermic animals and the biological clock of plants, respectively?
7) According to the Red Queen hypothesis,
A) the population density of a predator depends on thepopulation density of its prey.
B) natural selection should favor the most efficientforagers.
C) prey must continually evolve means of avoiding capture toavoid extinction.
D) most predators consume a varied diet in order to meet theirnutritional requirements.
8) Which of the following is an example of crypticcoloration?
A) a brown bird that nests on the ground
B) a deer with a large, white tail
C) skunks with black and white stripes
D) snakes with black, yellow, and red bands
9) Which of the following is not a class of plant secondarycompounds?
A) terpenoids
B) phenolics
C) nitrogen-based compounds
D) alkanes
15) When an ecologist compares the diversity of differentcommunities by counting the number of species within eachcommunity, the measure of diversity being used is called
A) species evenness.
B) species diversity.
C) species richness.
D) relative abundance.
16) In a rank-abundance curve comparing two communities, thecommunity with the greater species richness is characterized bya
A) lesser length of the curve and a more gradual slope.
B) lesser length of the curve and a steeper slope.
C) greater length of the curve and a more gradual slope.
D) greater length of the curve and a steeper slope
19) The layer of a forest in which decomposition takes place andmineral nutrients are released for reuse by plants is calledthe
A) canopy.
B) understory.
C) herb layer.
D) forest floor.
20) Zonation within a community is typically the result ofdifferences in the
A) patterns of predation among species within a community.
B) rates of reproduction among species within a community.
C) patterns of competition among species within a community.
D) physical characteristics of the environment across a spatialgradient.
21) Food webs are typically arranged into trophic levelswith
A) primary producers at the bottom, herbivores in the middle,and carnivores at the top.
B) herbivores at the bottom, carnivores in the middle, andprimary producers at the top.
C) carnivores at the bottom, herbivores in the middle, andprimary producers at the top.
D) primary producers at the bottom, carnivores in the middle,and herbivores at the top.
22) When top-down control occurs within an intertidal zone alongthe rocky coastline of the Pacific Ocean, which of the followingspecies controls the abundance of other species?
A) kelp
B) mussels
C) barnacles
D) starfish
23) In coastal aquatic environments, the three majorenvironmental gradients of water that directly influence thedistribution and dynamics of communities include
A) temperature, depth, and top down regulation.
B) depth, aposematic coloring, and salinity.
C) pressure, temperature, and depth.
D) tidal action, salinity, and oxygen content.
28) The number of species within a community is usually greatestwhen
A) no disturbance occurs.
B) a low frequency of disturbance occurs.
C) an intermediate frequency of disturbance occurs.
D) a high rate of disturbance occurs
29) Succession in a community involves
A) only autotrophic species.
B) only heterotrophic species.
C) both autotrophic and heterotrophic species.
D) only detritivorous species.
32) The highest diversity of plant and animal life occurs in
A) tropical savannas.
B) tropical rain forests.
C) temperate deciduous forests.
D) boreal forests.
33) Plants that root and grow on other plants in the tropicalrain forest are called
A) phreatophytes.
B) succulents.
C) epiphytes.
D) halophytes.
34) Tropical Savannas typically occur in
A) cold areas with little rainfall in polar regions.
B) cold areas with little rainfall at high altitudes in thetropics.
C) very dry areas in the rain shadow of mountains of bothtemperate and tropical latitudes.
D) warm areas with seasonal rainfall in the tropics.
37) The vegetation of tundra is dominated by
A) broadleaf deciduous trees.
B) short ground covering plants such as sedges and heaths.
C) needle-leaf evergreen trees.
D) sclerophyllous broadleaf evergreen shrubs.
38) The part of a rocky shore in which barnacles, oysters,mussels, limpets, and brown algae are most common is called the
A) littoral or intertidal zone.
B) infralittoral or subtidal zone.
C) supralittoral or supratidal zone.
D) superlittoral or supertidal zone.
39) In comparison to rocky coasts, intertidal organisms livingon sandy or muddy beaches
A) experience greater variability in salinity.
B) experience greater variability in temperature.
C) are more likely to be attached to the substrate.
D) are more likely live burrowed and emerge with the incomingtide.
40) In salt marshes, predatory fish move in when
A) the tide is high.
B) migratory fishes are spawning.
C) the sun goes down.
D) salinity is low.
41) Intertidal mud flats in tropical regions are typicallycomposed of
A) salt marshes.
B) peatlands.
C) mangrove forests or mangals.
D) oysterbeds.
42) Mangrove swamps
A) are formed by a single species of tree adapted to variablesalinities.
B) have relatively anoxic soils.
C) occur mostly in temperate latitudes.
D) typically occur along rocky coastlines subjected to heavywave action.
43) Freshwater wetlands dominated by woody vegetation arereferred to as
A) swamps.
B) marshes.
D) prairie potholes.
44) The number of species of living organisms on the planet isprobably closest to
A) 100,000.
B) 1,000,000.
C) 10,000,000.
D) 100,000,000.
45) The end of the Permian period was characterized by a massextinction of
A) shallow-water marine invertebrates.
B) dinosaurs and other large reptiles.
C) small mammals.
D) large mammals.
46) The dinosaurs and many other animals became extinct at theend of the
A) Cambrian period.
B) Permian period.
C) Cretaceous period.
D) Pleistocene epoch.
47) Species richness of terrestrial plants and animals increaseswith
A) latitude.
B) the structural diversity of plant communities.
C) elevation.
D) flatter terrain.
48) In marine environments,
A) both species richness and productivity increase withlatitude.
B) species richness increases and productivity decreases withlatitude.
C) species richness decreases and productivity increases withlatitude.
D) both species richness and productivity decrease withlatitude.
49) As temperatures decreases with latitude in marineenvironments,
A) both species richness and species dominance increase.
B) species richness increases and species dominancedecreases.
C) species richness decreases but productivity increases.
D) both species richness and species dominance decrease.
50) All species eventually become extinct
A) True
B) False
