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16 May 2018

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QUESTION 1

The pentose phosphate shunt is a pathway required for the

formation of ribose-5-phosphate used in the synthesis of nucleic acids

production of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation

production of NADPH to drive various anabolic synthetic pathways

regulation of gluconeogenesis

QUESTION 2

The TCA cycle is regulated by

succinyl-CoA levels

ADP

NADH

Fe2+

QUESTION 3

The TCA cycle produces

substrate level phosphorylation of ADP to ATP

Reduction of NAD+ to NADH

substrate level phosphorylation of GDP to GTP

Reduction of FAD to FADH2

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17 May 2018
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Related questions

___ 25- The Krebs cycle begins with the union of acetyl CoA with oxaloacetate forming citrate, allowing oxidative decarboxylation reactions to occur, and ends with the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate. Using this information and your knowledge of the Krebs cycle, how many net carbons does the citric acid cycle gain?
A) 0 carbons
B) 1 carbon
C) 2 carbons
D) 4 carbons
___ 26- Directly from the Krebs cycle we can obtain:
A) ATP
B) GTP and NADPH
C) ATP and NADPH
D) ATP, GTP, and NADPH
___ 27- Which of the following is not an intermediary of the Krebs cycle?
A) oxaloacetate
B) citrate
C) succinyl CoA
D) acetyl CoA
___ 28- How many di nucleotides are reduced by four turns of the Krebs cycle?
A) 1 FADH2 and 4 NADH
B) 2 FADH2 and 8 NADH
C) 4 FADH2 and 12 NADH
D) 1 FAD and 4 NAD +


Fill in the blank in the following table:

metabolic cycle location pro/ eukaryote components substrates products pathway purpose
embden- meyerhof- parnas (glycolysis) cytoplasm/ cytoplasm 10 enzymes
pentose phosphate pathway cytoplasm/ cytoplasm

dozen enzyme

 1 Glucose (6 carbon), 1 NADP, 1ATP 1 Ribose-P (5 carbon) + 1CO2, 1NADPH, or sugars, 1 ADP Nucleotide synthesis, NADPH for anabolism
PDH reaction

cytoplasm/ mitochondria matrix
TCA/ Krebs/ citric acid cycle generation of high energy electron carriers, provide metabolic precursors
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (aerobic respiration)
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (anaerobic respiration) 1Nitrate or sulfate or CO2, 1NADH + ____ ADP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ADP N2, or NO2 or H2S or CH4 1NAD + ____ ATP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ATP Generate proton motive forces abd use to generate ATP regenerate NAD+
Fermentation cytoplasm/ cytoplasm 1 or more enzymes (vary by organism) 1 pyruvate, 1 NADH 1 alcohol or acid (maybe 1 CO2) NAD+ Regenerate NAD+

1.

Why does an electron have lower potential energy in an H-O bondthan in an O=O bond?

H has a higher electronegativity than O.

O=O is not stable.

O=O contains a double bond.

The electrons are closer to the oxygen atom in the H-O bond.

None of the answers are correct.

2.

How is the energy from the electron transport chain used mostdirectly?

to form the bonds of a water molecule

to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membraneinto the mitochondrial intermembrane space

to join ADP with a phosphate

to decompose glucose into pyruvate

to rotate ATP synthase

3.

Which process provides the energy needed to pump protons acrossthe mitochondrial membrane during oxidative phosphorylation?

the transfer of electrons in redox reactions

the breakdown of ATP to ADP

the rotation of the ATP synthase rotor

oxidation of isocitrate

None of the answers are correct.

4.

What causes the ATP synthase rotor to spin?

the passing of electrons through ATP synthase

the movement of protons across the mitochondrial membrane

the movement of electrons across the mitochondrial membrane

the synthesis of ATP from ADP and a phosphate group

None of the answers are correct.

5.

What of the following generates the proton-motive force duringoxidative phosphorylation?

buildup of NADH molecules at protein complex I

movement of H+ ions across the mitochondrial membraneduring electron transport

rotation of the ATP synthase rotor

joining of H+ ions with oxygen to form water

None of the answers are correct.

6.

Suppose a microorganism invades a cell, causing damage to ATPsynthase. How would cellular respiration be affected?

Electrons could not be passed down the electron transportchain.

ADP could not be joined with a phosphate to form ATP.

Hydrogen ions could not be pumped into the mitochondrialintermembrane space.

The cell could not release any energy from the glucosemolecule.

Glucose could not be broken down into pyruvate.

7.

Which molecules transport electrons from the citric acid cycleto the electron transport chain?

NADH and FADH2

ATP and ADP

GTP and GDP

oxaloacetate and citric acid

None of the answers are correct.

8.

Which type of reactions control the energy release from glucoseduring the citric acid cycle?

acid-base reactions

redox reactions

random reactions

All answers are correct.

None of the answers are correct.

9.

What is the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

to receive electrons from the citric acid cycle and deliver themto the electron transport chain

to catalyze the synthesis of ATP from ADP

to accumulate in the mitochondrial intermembrane space tofacilitate ATP synthesis

to serve as a substrate to bind to acetyl-CoA at the beginningof the citric acid cycle

None of the answers are correct.

10.

Which molecule enters the citric acid cycle?

glucose

pyruvate

ATP

acetyl-CoA

None of the answers are correct.

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