1 A) Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease, 1 out of every 2500 individuals of Caucasian descent in the US have cystic fibrosis. What frequency of cystic fibrosis carriers would you expect in the Caucasian population of the US under Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? Show your work. (1 pt)
1 B) You know that penguin tuxedo color is a classic Mendelian single-gene trait, the allele for black and white tux coloring (T) is dominant over gray and white tux coloring (t). In a population of penguins, there are 400 black and white tuxedoed penguins and 200 gray and white tuxedoed penguins.
(i) Which observed genotypic or allelic frequencies can be calculated from this scenario without assuming Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? (1.5 pt)
(ii) In one to two sentences, explain why differences may arise between observed and expected genotype frequencies. (1 pt)
1 C) You are studying inheritance of external keratin features in a dinosaur. Analysis has found that the presence of feathers is due to codominance between the AS (scales) and AH (horns) alleles. In one generation of a population you find 78 scaled dinosaurs, 76 feathered dinosaurs, and 64 horned dinosaurs.
(i) What are the observed allele frequencies of AS and AH ? Use p for the frequency of AS and q for the frequency of AH . Show your work. (1.5 pt)
(ii) What are the observed genotypic frequencies? Show your work. (1 pt)
(iii) Given the allelic frequencies calculated above, what are the expected number of scaled, feathered, and horned dinosaurs in a population of the same size (218) under Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? Show your work. (1.5 pt)
(iv) Use a chi-square test to examine whether the gene you are studying is under Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium in this population. Show your work. Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis? (2 pts)
1 A) Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease, 1 out of every 2500 individuals of Caucasian descent in the US have cystic fibrosis. What frequency of cystic fibrosis carriers would you expect in the Caucasian population of the US under Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? Show your work. (1 pt)
1 B) You know that penguin tuxedo color is a classic Mendelian single-gene trait, the allele for black and white tux coloring (T) is dominant over gray and white tux coloring (t). In a population of penguins, there are 400 black and white tuxedoed penguins and 200 gray and white tuxedoed penguins.
(i) Which observed genotypic or allelic frequencies can be calculated from this scenario without assuming Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? (1.5 pt)
(ii) In one to two sentences, explain why differences may arise between observed and expected genotype frequencies. (1 pt)
1 C) You are studying inheritance of external keratin features in a dinosaur. Analysis has found that the presence of feathers is due to codominance between the AS (scales) and AH (horns) alleles. In one generation of a population you find 78 scaled dinosaurs, 76 feathered dinosaurs, and 64 horned dinosaurs.
(i) What are the observed allele frequencies of AS and AH ? Use p for the frequency of AS and q for the frequency of AH . Show your work. (1.5 pt)
(ii) What are the observed genotypic frequencies? Show your work. (1 pt)
(iii) Given the allelic frequencies calculated above, what are the expected number of scaled, feathered, and horned dinosaurs in a population of the same size (218) under Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium? Show your work. (1.5 pt)
(iv) Use a chi-square test to examine whether the gene you are studying is under Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium in this population. Show your work. Do you accept or reject the null hypothesis? (2 pts)
