🏷️ LIMITED TIME OFFER: GET 20% OFF GRADE+ YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION →
Log in
Biology
1
answer
0
watching
446
views
15 Sep 2018

The defecation reflex is controlled primarily by the autonomic nervous system(involuntary). But complete defecation also involves the somatic nervous system(voluntary). Which muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system? What happens to these muscles? Which muscle is controlled by the somatic nervous system? What happens to the muscle?

Watch
1
answer
0
watching
446
views

For unlimited access to Homework Help, a Homework+ subscription is required.

Nestor Rutherford
Nestor RutherfordLv2
17 Sep 2018

Unlock all answers

Get 1 free homework help answer.
Already have an account? Log in
Share

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology
8 Edition,
Lodish
ISBN: 9781464183393
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology
6 Edition,
Belk
ISBN: 9780134555430
Concepts of Biology
OER Edition,
Openstax
ISBN: 9781938168116
Biology
2nd Edition, 2013
Openstax
ISBN: 9781947172517
Essentials of Biology
5 Edition,
Mader
ISBN: 9781259660269

Related questions

1. Kidneys help to maintain a proper balance of _________ within the body.

Phosphorous

Chloride

Potassium

Calcium Phosphate

ions

All of the above

2. The nervous system has how many major categories?

3

2

13

4

3. Which major category of the nervous system contains both the Somatic and the Autonomic divisions?

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Neither of these

Both of these

4. Which organ or structure helps to control the master endocrine gland (pituitary gland)?

The pancreas

The thorax

Peyer’s patches

The hypothalamus

6. This tiny gland is located at the base of the brain and produces the hormone melanin.

Parathyroid

Pituitary

Hypothalamus

Pineal

7. These glands are situated right above the kidneys. The hormones produced by these glands help us to cope with stress.

Thyroid

Parathyroid

Hypothalamus

Adrenals

8. The hormones necessary for the production of sperm are produced in the __________.

Kidneys

Testes

Ovaries

None of the above

9. The bloodstream assists the endocrine organs and structures by:

Removing hormones from the body

Delivering hormones to target cells

Delivering hormones to secretory cells

The bloodstream does not come into contact with endocrine structures or organs
10. The pancreas _____________.

Is a master gland that controls many other glands

Produces progesterone and oestrogen

Is a salivary gland

Regulates blood sugar, aid in digestion

11. The basic function of the endocrine system is ________ in nature.

Digestive

Reproductive

Hormonal

Proximal

13. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are experienced by many people during their lifetimes. Urinary tract infections can involve any bacterial infection of the urinary system structures; the kidneys, bladder, ureters, or urethra. They are caused by bacteria entering the body through the urethra and traveling upward into the body. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort when urinating to extreme pain and the loss of blood during urination. They occur more frequently in women than men, and are often treated by antibiotics in addition to home remedies, such as drinking more water and drinking cranberry juice.

Based on what you have learned about the cause of urinary tract infections, which of the following precautions would help to prevent reoccurring infections?

Taking pain medication when symptoms occur

Placing a hot pack on the abdomen when symptoms occur

Practicing good hygiene Exercising regularly

14. The nervous system is divided into two major divisions: the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System. Those divisions have structures that can be classified as belonging to two different subdivisions: the Somatic and the Autonomic systems. The nervous system can be summarized as a complex system of interconnected nerves and special cells called neurons that are used to transmit information (by means of small electrical impulses). Use the information in the table below to help answer questions about the nervous system. Division Organs & Structures Functions Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain Spinal Cord Nerves This is the body’s assessment and communication center. It analyzes the information received from the sensory neurons and responds. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Sensory Neurons Ganglia (clusters of neurons) Nerves that connect to one another and to the CNS The sensory neurons react to physical stimuli such as light, sound, heat, and pressure, and transmit that information to the CNS. Subdivisions Description Examples Somatic The Somatic system is comprised of nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to the muscles of the body and sensory receptors in the skin. Reactions to physical stimuli like heat or light. Using your hand to touch Eating food Autonomic The Autonomic system largely involuntary. This system controls the unconscious functions of the body. Breathing Blood Pressure

Feeling overwhelmed or startled by exposure to very loud noises is likely a reaction to information collected by which subdivision of the nervous system:

Somatic

Autonomic

No answer text provided.

No answer text provided.

15. The thyroid gland is perhaps the most well-known member of the pancreatic system. Many adults are screened for thyroid problems during routine physical exams. This butterfly shaped gland is found at the base of the neck and releases hormones that affect the body’s metabolism (the way the body uses energy). The thyroid’s two main hormones are T3 and T4, and they affect many body functions, including: • Breathing • Heart rate • Central and peripheral nervous systems • Body weight • Muscle strength • Menstrual cycles • Body temperature • Cholesterol levels Two common disorders associated with the thyroid include hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Some of the symptoms associated with these disorders are listed in the table below. Hyperthyroidism (Too many hormones released) Hypothyroidism (Too few hormones released) Anxiety Irritability or moodiness Nervousness, hyperactivity Sweating or sensitivity to high temperatures Hand trembling (shaking) Hair loss Missed or light menstrual periods Trouble sleeping Tiredness and fatigue Difficulty concentrating Dry skin and hair Depression Sensitivity to cold temperature Frequent, heavy periods Joint and muscle pain A patient complains of arthritis-like pain in the joints of her hands, but tests for arthritis come back negative. The doctor then suggests a thyroid function test. The doctor is most likely concerned about:

High levels of T3 and T4 hormones in the body

Low levels of T3 and T4 hormones in the body

No answer text provided.

No answer text provided

Answer the following and provide a BRIEF/SHORT explanation for each:

A. Which division of the autonomic nervous system does smelling lemon juice (or other citrus juices) stimulate the production of watery saliva?

B. What phase of the digestive process does this stimulate?

C. Why do humans have diving reflex?

D. Which cranial nerve is stimulated to initiate the diving response?

E. In addition to bradycardia, or low heart rate, and peripheral vasoconstriction, the human diving response also affects which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Is the stimulation of this division increased or decreased? Why or why not?

F. What is the cranial nerve that serves as a channel for the parasympathetic neurones that innervate the heart?

G. Describe when during exercise you would expect the various divisions of the autonomic nervous system to be very active.

Answer the following and provide a BRIEF/SHORT explanation for each:

A. Why do humans have diving reflex?

B. Which cranial nerve is stimulated to initiate the diving response?

C. In addition to bradycardia, or low heart rate, and peripheral vasoconstriction, the human diving response also affects which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Is the stimulation of this division increased or decreased? Why or why not?

D. Which division of the autonomic nervous system does smelling lemon juice (or other citrus juices) stimulate the production of watery saliva?

E. What phase of the digestive process does this stimulate?

F. What is the cranial nerve that serves as a channel for the parasympathetic neurones that innervate the heart?

G. Describe when during exercise you would expect the various divisions of the autonomic nervous system to be very active.

Related Documents

BIOS 20188 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Submucous Plexus, Common Bile Duct, Lamina Propria
lemonhedgehog555
BIO 12D Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Taenia Coli, Muscularis Mucosae, Falciform Ligament
magentamuskrat366
BIO 240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sensory System, Skeletal Muscle, Special Senses
orchidpug565

Weekly leaderboard

Home
Homework Help 3,900,000
Biology 460,000
Start filling in the gaps now
Log in