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10 Jun 2018

Which of the following contribute to senescence and death in humans?

A.Mitochondrial deterioration and telomere damage.

B.The accumulation of mutations (negative genetic traits) that are not expressed until after reproduction.

C.All of these contribute to senescence and death.

D.Pleiotropic genes that have both positive and negative effects.

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13 Jun 2018

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Parent Telomere Length	Child Telomere Length
- 4.7	-6.6 -6.0 -6.1
-3.9	-0.6
-1.4	-2.2
-5.2	-5.4
-2.2	-3.6
-4.4	-2.0
-4.3	-6.6
-5.0	-3.8
-5.3	-6.4
-0.6	-2.5
-1.3	-5.1 -3.9
-4.2	-3.9

The sequence change affecting the TERC gene in each of the families is different. However, consider an example where the disease-associated allele results in the following abnormal sequence of the RNA template: 5â-CGGCAACCCCAA-3â

a. Explain the impact you expect this mutation to have on telomere synthesis.

b. Provide a hypothesis/explanation for why the disease allele is dominant to the non-disease allele.

please explain in detail need real help :( THIS ARE QUESTIONS I NEED THEM ANSWER NOT THE ONE AT THE BOTTOM

If You get confused this second part questions and the background can help.

Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal fingernails and skin pigmentation, the formation of white patches on the tongue and cheek, and progressive failure of the bone marrow. An autosomal dominant form of DKC results from mutations in the gene that encodes the RNA component of telomerase (the TERC gene). Fifteen families with autosomal dominant DKC are evaluated. The median age of onset of DKC in parents was 37 years, whereas the median age of onset in the children of affected parents was 14.5 years. Thus, DKC in these families arose at progressively younger ages in successive generations. The researchers measured telomere length of members of these families (see table). Telomere length normally shortens with age, so telomere length was adjusted for age of the subject. Note that the age-adjusted telomere length of all members of these families is negative, indicating that their telomeres are shorter than normal. For age-adjusted telomere length, the more negative the number, the shorter the telomere.

a. How do the telomere lengths of parents compare with the telomere lengths of their children?

b. Explain why the telomeres of people with DKC are shorter than normal and why DKC arises at an earlier age in subsequent generations.

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