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indigowolf982Lv1

28 Sep 2019

What makes weak/strong bases. I have a problem (unable to copy and paste the diagrams- it hasn't worked...if anyone knows how...please help!) that has a 4 carbon chain with some substituents....they all have a double bonded oxygen on the 1st carbon...some have another oxygen on the same carbon..one also has a CL on C-2 in addition to that O- on the C-1, next one has the same but CL is on C-3, and one just has a methyl group. Thanks!

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Beverley SmithLv2

28 Sep 2019

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For each of the following, fill in the blank with the correct response. All of these fill-in-the-blank problems pertain to material covered in the sections on alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbon derivatives.

a. The first "organic" compound to be synthesized in the laboratory, rather than being isolated from nature, was _ _ _ _ _, which was prepared from _ _ _ _ _.

b. An organic compound whose carbon-carbon bonds are all single bonds is said to be _ _ _ _ _.

c. The general orientation of the four pairs of electrons around the carbon atoms in alkanes is _ _ _ _ _.

d. Alkanes in which the carbon atoms form a single unbranched chain are said to be _ _ _ _ _ alkanes.

e. Structural isomerism occurs when two molecules have the same number of each type of atom but exhibit a different arrangement of the _ _ _ _ _ between those atoms.

f. The systematic names of all saturated hydrocarbons have the ending _ _ _ _ _ added to a root name that indicates the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

g. For branched hydrocarbon, the root name for the hydrocarbon comes from the number of carbon atoms in the _ _ _ _ _ continuous chain in the molecule.

h. The positions of substituents along the hydrocarbon framework of a molecule are indicated by the _ _ _ _ _ of the carbon atom to which the substituents are attached.

i. The major use of alkanes has been in _ _ _ _ _ reactions, as a source of heat and light.

j. With very reactive agents, such as the halogen elements, alkanes undergo _ _ _ _ _ reactions, whereby a new atom replaces one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkane.

k. Alkenes and alkynes are characterized by their ability to undergo rapid, complete _ _ _ _ _ reactions, by which other atoms attach themselves to the carbon atoms of the double or triple bond.

l. Unsaturated fats may be converted to saturated fats by the process of _ _ _ _ _.

m. Benzene is the parent member of the group of hydrocarbons called _ _ _ _ _ hydrocarbons.

n. An atom or group of atoms that imparts new and characteristic properties to an organic molecule is called a _ _ _ _ _ group.

o. A _ _ _ _ _ alcohol is one in which there is only one hydrocarbon group attached to the carbon atom holding the hydroxyl group.

p. The simplest alcohol, methanol, prepared industrially by the hydrogenation of _ _ _ _ _.

q. Ethanol is commonly prepared by the _ _ _ _ _ of certain sugars by yeast.

r. Both aldehydes and ketones contain the _ _ _ _ _ group, but they differ in where this group occurs along the hydrocarbon chain.

s. Aldehydes and ketones can be prepared by _ _ _ _ _ of the corresponding alcohol.

t. Organic acids, which contain the _ _ _ _ _ group, are typically weak acids.

u. The typical sweet-smelling compounds called _ _ _ _ _ result from the condensation reaction of organic acid with an _ _ _ _ _.

rubyzebra85

Classify each of the following statements as true or false:

a) To be classified as organic, a compound must be or have been part of a living organism.

b) Carbon atoms normally form four bonds in organic compounds.

c) Only an unsaturated hydrocarbon can engage in an addition reaction.

d) Members of a homologous series differ by a distinct structural unit.

e) Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

f) Alkyl groups are a class of organic compounds.

g) Isomers have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

h) Cis-trans isomerism appear among alkenes but not alkynes.

i) All aliphatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated.

j) Aromatic hydrocarbons have a ring structure.

k) An alcohol has an alkyl group bonded to an oxygen atom, and an ether has two.

l) Carbonyl groups are found in alcohols and aldehydes.

m) An ester is an aromatic carbon made from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

n) An amine has one, two, or three alkyl groups substituted for hydrogens in an ammonia molecule.

o) An amide has the structure of a carboxylic acid except that replaces OH in the carboxyl group.

p) A peptide linkage series arises when a water molecule forms from a hydrogen from the of one amino acid molecule an from an another amino acid molecule.

r) Chain-growth polymers are made a reaction that gives off water a second product.

s) Nylon is an example of a step-growth condensation polymer.

sangriacicada137

1.Which of the following is a physical property?

A) ozone reacts with silver to give silver oxide

B) platinum metal does not react with hydrochloric acid

C) the density of lead

E) Sulfur burns in oxygen to form sulfur trioxide

2. Which of the following is a chemical property of gold?

A) is malleable

B) does not react with hydrochloric acid

C) is a good conductor of heat

D) is a good conductor of electricity

3) Which of the following is a physical change?

a) the freezing of water to form ice

B) the inability of gold react with water

C) the burning of paper

D) the sodium metal vigorously with water

E) the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid

4. Which one of the following would be classified as a heterogenous mixture?

A) copper nitrate solution

B) mix of table salt and black pepper

C) Salt water

D)brass

E) a sugar solution

5. Which of the following is a chemical change?

A) the boiling of water to form steam

B) crushing of lump of sulfur into yellow powder

C) the reaction of chlorine gas and sodium to form salt

E) hammering zinc into a thin film

6) An extensive property is

A) independent of the quantity of matter observed

B) difficult to measure

C) always strongly dependent on the external conditions

D) dependent on the quantity of matter observed

E) is a unique value regardless of the measurement conditions

7) Which of the following defines or expresses the concepts of accuracy?

A) average of the data

B) differences between the accepted answer and the average value of the data

C) deviation of the average

D) the closest value to the expected answer

E) reproducibility of a measurement

8) Hydrates are:

A) orgainc compounds that contain oxygen together with usual carbon and hydrogen

B) readily soluble in water and release energy

C) concentrated solutions of salts in water

D) moistyre sensitive hygroscopic inorganic salts

E) compounds in which each formula unit has one or more water molecules associated with it

9) Which of the following is the correct defintion of isomer?

A) Isomers are molecules with the same empirical formula but have different isotopes

B) Isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but contain different istotopes.

C) Isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms in space

D) Isomers are molecules that have the same arrangements of atoms in space but different empirical and molecular formulas

E) Isomes are molecules that have the same empirical formula but different arrangements of atoms in space

10) Most water-soluble compounds of Group 1A or 2A elements are:

A) nonelectrolytes

B) weak electrolyes

C) weak acid

D) strong electrolytes

E) strong acids

11) to precipitate Cd2+(aq) from solution one could add:

A) KI(Aq)

B) NaCl(aq)

C) H2S(aq)

D)HNO3(aq)

E) HCl(aq)

12) Select a statement that best describe the oxidation process

A) in the oxidation process all elements experience an increase in oxidation state

B) in the oxidation process all elements change oxidation state

C) in the oxidation process some elements change their oxidation state

D) in the oxidation process some elements experience oxidation state increase

E) In the oxidation process only oxygen increases its oxidation state.

13. A disproportionation reaction is one in which:

A) the dame substance is oxidized and reduced

B) the equation is not balanced

C) both reactants are reduced

D) water must be added

C) more of one substance reacts than another

14) The energy of molecules of a gas:

A) is the same for all molecules at constant temperture

B) is dependent on concentration

C) increases with an increase in pressure

D) is distributed over a wide rande at constant temperature

E) increase with a decrease in temperture

15. The volume correction term in the van der Waals equation is present because:

A) molecules occupy volume

B) molecules attract each other

C) barometers are inaccurate

D) molecules repel each other

E) molecules are diatomic

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