Question

Solubility-Product Constants at 298 K

Compound	Formula	Ksp
Aluminium hydroxide	Al(OH)3	4.6×10–33
Aluminium phosphate	AlPO4	9.84×10–21
Antimony sulfide	Sb2S3	1.6×10–93
Arsenic sulfide	As2S3	1×10–16
Barium bromate	Ba(BrO3)2	2.43×10–4
Barium carbonate	BaCO3	2.58×10–9
Barium chromate	BaCrO4	1.17×10–10
Barium fluoride	BaF2	1.84×10–7
Barium hydroxide octahydrate	Ba(OH)2·8H2O	2.55×10–4
Barium iodate	Ba(IO3)2	4.01×10–9
Barium iodate monohydrate	Ba(IO3)2·H2O	1.67×10–9
Barium molybdate	BaMoO4	3.54×10–8
Barium nitrate	Ba(NO3)2	4.64×10–3
Barium phosphate	Ba3(PO4)2	3.40×10–23
Barium selenate	BaSeO4	3.40×10–8
Barium sulfate	BaSO4	1.08×10–10
Barium sulfite	BaSO3	5.0×10–10
Beryllium hydroxide	Be(OH)2	6.92×10–22
Bismuth arsenate	BiAsO4	4.43×10–10
Bismuth iodide	BiI	7.71×10–19
Cadmium arsenate	Cd3(AsO4)2	2.2×10–33
Cadmium carbonate	CdCO3	1.0×10–12
Cadmium fluoride	CdF2	6.44×10–3
Cadmium hydroxide	Cd(OH)2	7.2×10–15
Cadmium iodate	Cd(IO3)2	2.5×10–8
Cadmium oxalate trihydrate	CdC2O4·3H2O	1.42×10–8
Cadmium phosphate	Cd3(PO4)2	2.53×10–33
Cadmium sulfide	CdS	1×10–27
Caesium perchlorate	CsClO4	3.95×10–3
Caesium periodate	CsIO4	5.16×10–6
Calcium carbonate (calcite)	CaCO3	3.36×10–9
Calcium carbonate (aragonite)	CaCO3	6.0×10–9
Calcium fluoride	CaF2	3.45×10–11
Calcium hydroxide	Ca(OH)2	5.02×10–6
Calcium iodate	Ca(IO3)2	6.47×10–6
Calcium iodate hexahydrate	Ca(IO3)2·6H2O	7.10×10–7
Calcium molybdate	CaMoO	1.46×10–8
Calcium oxalate monohydrate	CaC2O4×H2O	2.32×10–9
Calcium phosphate	Ca3(PO4)2	2.07×10–33
Calcium sulfate	CaSO4	4.93×10–5
Calcium sulfate dihydrate	CaSO4·2H2O	3.14×10–5
Calcium sulfate hemihydrate	CaSO4·0.5H2O	3.1×10–7
Chromium(III) hydroxide	Cr(OH)3	3×10–29
Cobalt(II) arsenate	Co3(AsO4)2	6.80×10–29
Cobalt(II) carbonate	CoCO3	1.4×10–13
Cobalt(II) hydroxide (blue)	Co(OH)2	5.92×10–15
Cobalt(III) hydroxide	Co(OH)3	1.6×10–44
Cobalt(II) iodate dihydrate	Co(IO3)2·2H2O	1.21×10–2
Cobalt(II) phosphate	Co3(PO4)2	2.05×10–35
Cobalt(II) sulfide	CoS	4.0×10–21
Copper(I) bromide	CuBr	6.27×10–9
Copper(II) carbonate	CuCO3	1.4×10–10
Copper(I) chloride	CuCl	1.72×10–7
Copper(I) cyanide	CuCN	3.47×10–20
Copper(I) hydroxide	CuOH	2×10–15
Copper(I) iodide	CuI	1.27×10–12
Copper(I) thiocyanate	CuSCN	1.77×10–13
Copper(II) arsenate	Cu3(AsO4)2	7.95×10–36
Copper(II) hydroxide	Cu(OH)2	1.1×10–15
Copper(II) iodate monohydrate	Cu(IO3)2·H2O	6.94×10–8
Copper(II) oxalate	CuC2O4	4.43×10–10
Copper(II) phosphate	Cu3(PO4)2	1.40×10–37
Copper(II) sulfide	CuS	6.3×10–26
Copper(I) sulfide	Cu2S	2.5×10–48
Europium(III) hydroxide	Eu(OH)3	9.38×10–27
Gallium(III) hydroxide	Ga(OH)3	7.28×10–36
Iron(II) carbonate	FeCO3	3.13×10–11
Iron(II) fluoride	FeF2	2.36×10–6
Iron(II) hydroxide	Fe(OH)2	4.87×10–17
Iron(II) sulfide	FeS	1.6×10–19
Iron(III) hydroxide	Fe(OH)3	2.79×10–39
Iron(III) phosphate dihydrate	FePO4·2H2O	9.91×10–16
Lanthanum iodate	La(IO3)3	7.50×10–12
Lead(II) bromide	PbBr2	6.60×10–6
Lead(II) carbonate	PbCO3	7.40×10–14
Lead(II) chloride	PbCl2	1.70×10–5
Lead(II) chromate	PbCrO4	3×10–13
Lead(II) fluoride	PbF2	3.3×10–8
Lead(II) hydroxide	Pb(OH)2	1.43×10–20
Lead(II) iodate	Pb(IO3)2	3.69×10–13
Lead(II) iodide	PbI2	9.8×10–9
Lead(II) oxalate	PbC2O4	8.5×10–9
Lead(II) selenate	PbSeO4	1.37×10–7
Lead(II) sulfate	PbSO4	2.53×10–8
Lead(II) sulfide	PbS	8.9×10–29
Lithium carbonate	Li2CO3	8.15×10–4
Lithium fluoride	LiF	1.84×10–3
Lithium phosphate	Li3PO4	2.37×10–11
Magnesium ammonium phosphate	MgNH4PO4	3×10–13
Magnesium carbonate	MgCO3	6.82×10–6
Magnesium carbonate trihydrate	MgCO3·3H2O	2.38×10–6
Magnesium carbonate pentahydrate	MgCO3·5H2O	3.79×10–6
Magnesium fluoride	MgF2	5.16×10–11
Magnesium hydroxide	Mg(OH)2	5.61×10–12
Magnesium oxalate dihydrate	MgC2O4·2H2O	4.83×10–6
Magnesium phosphate	Mg3(PO4)2	1.04×10–24
Manganese(II) carbonate	MnCO3	2.24×10–11
Manganese(II) iodate	Mn(IO3)2	4.37×10–7
Manganese(II) hydroxide	Mn(OH)2	2×10–13
Manganese(II) oxalate dihydrate	MnC2O4·2H2O	1.70×10–7
Manganese(II) sulfide	MnS	4.6×10–14
Mercury(I) bromide	Hg2Br2	6.40×10–23
Mercury(I) carbonate	Hg2CO3	3.6×10–17
Mercury(I) chloride	Hg2Cl2	1.43×10–18
Mercury(I) fluoride	Hg2F2	3.10×10–6
Mercury(I) iodide	Hg2I2	5.2×10–29
Mercury(I) oxalate	Hg2C2O4	1.75×10–13
Mercury(I) sulfate	Hg2SO4	6.5×10–7
Mercury(I) thiocyanate	Hg2(SCN)2	3.2×10–20
Mercury(II) bromide	HgBr2	6.2×10–20
Mercury(II) hydroxide	Hg(OH)2	3.6×10–26
Mercury(II) iodide	HgI2	2.9×10–29
Mercury(II) sulfide	HgS	4×10–53
Mercury(I) sulfide	Hg2S	1.0×10–47
Neodymium carbonate	Nd2(CO3)3	1.08×10–33
Nickel(II) carbonate	NiCO3	1.42×10–7
Nickel(II) hydroxide	Ni(OH)2	5.48×10–16
Nickel(II) iodate	Ni(IO3)2	4.71×10–5
Nickel(II) phosphate	Ni3(PO4)2	4.74×10–32
Nickel(II) sulfide	NiS	1.1×10–21
Palladium(II) thiocyanate	Pd(SCN)2	4.39×10–23
Potassium hexachloroplatinate	K2PtCl6	7.48×10–6
Potassium perchlorate	KClO4	1.05×10–2
Potassium periodate	KIO4	3.71×10–4
Praseodymium hydroxide	Pr(OH)3	3.39×10–24
Radium iodate	Ra(IO3)2	1.16×10–9
Radium sulfate	RaSO4	3.66×10–11
Rubidium perchlorate	RbClO4	3.00×10–3
Scandium fluoride	ScF3	5.81×10–24
Scandium hydroxide	Sc(OH)3	2.22×10–31
Silver(I) acetate	AgCH3COO	1.94×10–3
Silver(I) arsenate	Ag3AsO4	1.03×10–22
Silver(I) bromate	AgBrO3	5.38×10–5
Silver(I) bromide	AgBr	5.35×10–13
Silver(I) carbonate	Ag2CO3	8.46×10–12
Silver(I) chloride	AgCl	1.77×10–10
Silver(I) chromate	Ag2CrO4	1.12×10–12
Silver(I) cobalticyanide	Ag3Co(CN)6	3.9×10–26
Silver(I) cyanide	AgCN	5.97×10–17
Silver(I) iodate	AgIO3	3.17×10–8
Silver(I) iodide	AgI	8.52×10–17
Silver(I) oxalate	Ag2C2O4	5.40×10–12
Silver(I) phosphate	Ag3PO4	8.89×10–17
Silver(I) sulfate	Ag2SO4	1.20×10–5
Silver(I) sulfite	Ag2SO3	1.50×10–14
Silver(I) sulfide	Ag2S	3.3×10–50
Silver(I) thiocyanate	AgSCN	1.03×10–12
Strontium arsenate	Sr3(AsO4)2	4.29×10–19
Strontium carbonate	SrCO3	5.60×10–10
Strontium fluoride	SrF2	4.33×10–9
Strontium iodate	Sr(IO3)2	1.14×10–7
Strontium iodate monohydrate	Sr(IO3)2·H2O	3.77×10–7
Strontium iodate hexahydrate	Sr(IO3)2·6H2O	4.55×10–7
Strontium oxalate	SrC2O4	5×10–8
Strontium phosphate	Sr3(PO4)2	1×10–31
Strontium sulfate	SrSO4	3.44×10–7
Thallium(I) bromate	TlBrO3	1.10×10–4
Thallium(I) bromide	TlBr	3.71×10–6
Thallium(I) chloride	TlCl	1.86×10–4
Thallium(I) chromate	Tl2CrO4	8.67×10–13
Thallium(I) hydroxide	Tl(OH)3	1.68×10–44
Thallium(I) iodate	TlIO3	3.12×10–6
Thallium(I) iodide	TlI	5.54×10–8
Thallium(I) thiocyanate	TlSCN	1.57×10–4
Thallium(I) sulfide	Tl2S	6×10–22
Tin(II) hydroxide	Sn(OH)2	5.45×10–27
Tin(II) sulfide	SnS	3.2×10–28
Tin(IV) sulfide	SnS2	1×10–70
Yttrium carbonate	Y2(CO3)3	1.03×10–31
Yttrium fluoride	YF3	8.62×10–21
Yttrium hydroxide	Y(OH)3	1.00×10–22
Yttrium iodate	Y(IO3)3	1.12×10–10
Zinc arsenate	Zn3(AsO4)2	2.8×10–28
Zinc carbonate	ZnCO3	1.46×10–10
Zinc carbonate monohydrate	ZnCO3·H2O	5.42×10–11
Zinc fluoride	ZnF	3.04×10–2
Zinc hydroxide	Zn(OH)2	3×10–17
Zinc iodate dihydrate	Zn(IO3)2·2H2O	4.1×10–6
Zinc oxalate dihydrate	ZnC2O4·2H2O	1.38×10–9
Zinc selenide	ZnSe	3.6×10–26
Zinc selenite monohydrate	ZnSe·H2O	1.59×10–7
Zinc sulfide (alpha)	ZnS	2×10–25
Zinc sulfide (beta)	ZnS	3×10–23

Sodium sulfate is slowly added to a solution containing 0.0500 M Ca^2+(aq) and 0.0280 M Ag^+ (aq). What will be the concentration of Ca^2+(aq) when Ag_2 SO_4 (s) begins to precipitate? Solubility-product constants, K_sp, can be found here. [Ca^2+] = What percentage of the Ca^2+ (aq) can be precipitated from the Ag^+ (aq) by selective precipitation?