need a product separation scheme and product separation discussion please.
CHEMICAL HAZARDS AND WASTE Goggles. gloves and a lab coat must be worn in the lab AT ALL TIMES. Anhydrous aluminum chloride is moisture sensitive and is an irritant. Use extreme caution when handling. Cap the bottle as soon as you obtain the amount of chemical needed. Acetyl chloride is an eye and lung irritant; do not remove the reagent bottle from the fume hood under any circumstances. Close the bottle tightly after obtaining the amount needed. Hydrochloric acid is corrosive, an irritant and permeator and may cause long term damage to the body. Use caution when handling. Hydrochloric acid will be generated as a gaseous byproduct of the reaction. Be sure to run the reaction with a gas trap Wash the glassware with acetone inside the fume hood after finishing the experiment. If any of the chemicals contact skin, wash the infected areas with plenty of cold water for at least 15 minutes. Please consult the MSDS for further information on any of the chemicals used in the experiment. All liquid waste should be disposed in the designated hazardous waste containers. All other aqueous solutions produced should be disposed in the aqueous waste container. All solid waste should go into the hazardous solid waste bag EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Assemble the reaction apparatus as shown in the picture; make sure that all the joints are tightly connected. Attach the gas trap to contain the gaseous HCl formed during the reaction. Position extractor arms over the reaction flask and over the gas collection flask to ensure that accidental release of any gas will be directed into the extractor arms. All glassware must be completely dry before starting the reaction. Aluminum chloride and acetyl chloride react vigorously with water. All mass measurements and transfer of chemicals must avoid contact with water and be performed in the fume hood. Glassware must be stoppered as carrying back and forth between the fume hood and work bench. Weigh 7.0 g of anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCls) in the fume hood and transfer it to a 100 mL 3-neck round bottom flask (RB). Add 12.5 mL of dichloromethane (CH2Ch) into the same flask and stopper it with a Teflon stopper immediately before transport it back to your bench. Assemble the reaction apparatus as shown in Figure 8. Cool the flask in an ice water bath. Place a stir bar into the flask and begin stirring gently. UNIVERSITY AT ALBANY State University of New York 124
4. After 10 minutes of drying Warren Worthington notices a severe melting point depression for his benzoic acid sample (80-100 °C) though he should have distilled off all the methanol. He calculates a 115% yield. Offer a reasonable explanation for the observed melting point depression, and unreasonable percent yield. What would you advise Warren to do in order to obtain reasonable data? (20 pts).
5. The hydrolysis of methyl benzoate is performed using a strong base (NaOH) as a catalyst, to form the corresponding carboxylic acid. During Step 11 of this procedure concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to obtain the product as a white precipitate. Explain why HCl is added to form the solid. (10 pts)
6. Jean Grey is performing the hydrolysis of methyl benzoate, however after Step 11 she chooses to extract the product out using diethyl ether via liquid/liquid extraction. She realizes that residual methanol will be present in her sample now. What equipment in the lab can she use to remove the methanol, as well as the diethyl ether? What should she add to her flask to ensure she removes the water?(20 pts)
7. In principle it is possible to synthesize methyl benzoate again from the benzoic acid obtained in lab at 100% yield. To do this reaction NaOH and methanol can be used once again, however in order to obtain 100% yield water cannot be present during the reaction. Explain this using the equilibrium expression below. (Hint: It will be helpful to review Le Chatlierâs principle, and use this in your explanation) (25 pts)
Scheme1: Equilbrium of the fisher esterification of benzoic acid to form methyl benzoate.
8. Alex Summers accidentally breaks the container of hydrochloric acid in his fume hood. What are the proper safety protocols that he should follow? (10 pts)
