Predict what would happen to bond angles when each hydrogen atom is changed to a chlorine atom. In making your predictions, note that chlorine is larger than hydrogen, so that will also affect the bond lengths as well as the bond angles. Explain how you arrived at your predictions.
Predict what would happen to bond angles when each hydrogen atom is changed to a chlorine atom. In making your predictions, note that chlorine is larger than hydrogen, so that will also affect the bond lengths as well as the bond angles. Explain how you arrived at your predictions.
Related textbook solutions
Basic Chemistry
Principles of Chemistry Molecular Approach
Chemistry: Structure and Properties
Principles of Chemistry Molecular Approach
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
Chemistry: The Central Science
Related questions
Experiment 1:
Molecular Models of Neutral Molecules
In this experiment, you will predict the three-dimensional geometry of a series of neutral molecules using the VSEPR theory.
Procedures
Part 1: Use your Periodic Table of Elements to determine the elemental symbol, group number and valence electrons for the elements listed in Table 1.
Table 1: Lewis Dot Structures
|
Element |
Symbol |
Group Number |
Valence Electrons |
Lewis Dot Structure |
|
Hydrogen |
H |
|||
|
Carbon |
C |
|||
|
Chlorine |
Cl |
|||
|
Aluminum |
||||
|
Oxygen |
O |
|||
|
Fluorine |
F |
|||
|
Neon |
Ne |
|||
|
Nitrogen |
N |
Part 2: Construct the three-dimensional geometry for the molecules listed in Table 2.
Table 2: Molecular Models
|
Molecule (central atom is underlined) |
Shape Name Bond Angle |
Bond Angles (more than one may be possible) |
||
|
CO2 |
Linear |
|||
|
AlCl3 |
Trigonal Planar |
|||
|
H2O |
Bent |
|||
|
NH3 |
Trigonal pyramidal |
|||
|
CCl4 |
Tetrahedral |
|||
|
PCl5 |
Trigonal bipyramidal |
|||
|
SF6 |
Octahedral |
Post-Lab Questions:
1. What is the molecular geometry (shape) of the methane molecule (CH4)? Explain completely why all the bond angles in methane are equal.
2. What is the molecular geometry (shape) of the chloromethane molecule (CH3Cl)? Explain completely why NOT all of the bond angles in chloromethane are equal.
3. Chloromethane can be thought of as resulting from methane via the replacement of one Hydrogen atom with a Chlorine atom. Subsequent replacements of H with Cl yield dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), trichlormethane (CHCl3) and tetrachlormethane (CCl4). Which of these three previous molecules will have all bond angles equal to each other? Explain completely.
4. Sketch the molecular shape of the compounds in the table below. Be sure to identify the bond angles. H2 Cl2 SO2 NH3 MoF6
