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11 Nov 2019

Limestone stalactites and stalagmites are formed in caves by the following reaction: Ca2+(aq)+2HCO−3(aq)→CaCO3(s)+CO2(g)+H2O(l) If 1 mol of CaCO3 forms at 298 K under 1 atm pressure, the reaction performs 2.49 kJ of P−V work, pushing back the atmosphere as the gaseous CO2 forms. At the same time, 38.95 kJ of heat is absorbed from the environment.

1. What is the value of ΔH for this reaction? Express your answer using four significant figures.

2. What is the value of ΔE for this reaction? Express your answer using four significant figures.

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2 Feb 2019

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Related questions

Limestone stalactites and stalagmites are formed in caves by the following reaction:

Ca2 + (aq) + 2 HCO3–(aq) CaCO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

If 1 mol of CaCO3 forms at 298 K under 1 atm pressure, the reaction performs 2.47 kJ of P–V work, pushing back the atmosphere as the gaseous CO2 forms. At the same time, 38.95 kJ of heat is absorbed from the environment. What are the values of ∆H and of ∆E for this reaction?

1- The molar heat capacity of silver is 25.35 J/mol⋠∘C. How much energy would it take to raise the temperature of 8.20 g of silver by 14.5 ∘C?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

_____________

Part A

Calculate the enthalpy of the reaction

2NO(g)+O2(g)→2NO2(g)

given the following reactions and enthalpies of formation:

12N2(g)+O2(g)→NO2(g), ΔH∘A=33.2 kJ

12N2(g)+12O2(g)→NO(g), ΔH∘B=90.2 kJ

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

2- A total of 2.00 mol of a compound is allowed to react with water in a foam coffee cup and the reaction produces 196 g of solution. The reaction caused the temperature of the solution to rise from 21.00 to 24.70 ∘C. What is the enthalpy of this reaction? Assume that no heat is lost to the surroundings or to the coffee cup itself and that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that of pure water.

Enter your answer in kilojoules per mole of compound to three significant figures.

_________

3- A volume of 110. mL of H2O is initially at room temperature (22.00 ∘C). A chilled steel rod at 2.00 ∘Cis placed in the water. If the final temperature of the system is 21.00 ∘C , what is the mass of the steel bar?

Use the following values:

specific heat of water = 4.18 J/(g⋠∘C)

specific heat of steel = 0.452 J/(g⋠∘C)

Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.

Part B

The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g⋠∘C). Calculate the molar heat capacity of water.

Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.

______-

4- What is the enthalpy for the following reaction?

overall: N2O4→2NO2

Express your answer numerically in kilojoules per mole.

____________

Part B

Calculate the enthalpy of the reaction

4B(s)+3O2(g)→2B2O3(s)

given the following pertinent information:

B2O3(s)+3H2O(g)→3O2(g)+B2H6(g), ΔH∘A=+2035 kJ

2B(s)+3H2(g)→B2H6(g), ΔH∘B=+36 kJ

H2(g)+12O2(g)→H2O(l), ΔH∘C=−285 kJ

H2O(l)→H2O(g), ΔH∘D=+44 kJ

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

_____________

5- What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction used to calculate ΔH∘f of MgCO3(s)?

If fractional coefficients are required, enter them as a fraction (i.e. 1/3). Indicate the physical states using the abbreviation (s), (l), or (g) for solid, liquid, or gas, respectively without indicating allotropes. Use (aq) for aqueous solution.

Express your answer as a chemical equation.

__________

6- Part A

Determine the enthalpy for this reaction:

Ca(OH)2(s)+CO2(g)→CaCO3(s)+H2O(l)

Express your answer in kilojoules per mole to one decimal place.

_______

Part B

Consider the reaction

Ca(OH)2(s)→CaO(s)+H2O(l)

with enthalpy of reaction

ΔHrxn∘=65.2kJ/mol

What is the enthalpy of formation of CaO(s)?

Express your answer in kilojoules per mole to one decimal place.

________

7- Part A

Write a balanced chemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of H2O2(g) from its elements in their standard states.

Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

_____

Part B

For H2O2(g), find the value of ΔH∘f. (Use Appendix C)

Express your answer using five significant figures.

_____

PART C: Write a balanced chemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of CaCO3(s) from its elements in their standard states.

Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

_____

Part D

For CaCO3(s), find the value of ΔH∘f. (Use Appendix C)

Express your answer using five significant figures.

_____

Part E

Write a balanced chemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of POCl3(l) from its elements in their standard states.

Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

____

Part F

For POCl3(l), find the value of ΔH∘f. (Use Appendix C)

Express your answer using four significant figures.

_____

Part G

Write a balanced chemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of C2H5OH(l) from its elements in their standard states.

Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

_____

Part H

For C2H5OH(l), find the value of ΔH∘f. (Use Appendix C)

Express your answer using four significant figures.

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction used to calculate ΔH∘f of CaCO3(s)? If fractional coefficients are required, enter them as a fraction (i.e. 1/3). Indicate the physical states using the abbreviation (s), (l), or (g) for solid, liquid, or gas, respectively without indicating allotropes. Use (aq) for aqueous solution. Express your answer as a chemical equation. The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH∘f) is the enthalpy change that occurs when exactly 1 mol of a compound is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions. The standard conditions are 1 atm pressure, a temperature of 25 ∘C , and all the species present at a concentration of 1 M . A "standard enthalpies of formation table" containing ΔH∘f values might look something like this: Substance ΔH∘f H(g) 218 kJ/mol H2(g) 0 kJ/mol Ca(s) 0 kJ/mol Ca2+(aq) −543 kJ/mol C(g) 71 kJ/mol C(s) 0 kJ/mol N(g) 473 kJ/mol O2(g) 0 kJ/mol O(g) 249 kJ/mol S2(g) 129 kJ/mol

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