Question

Given the following water: mg/l

Calcium –Ca2+	102	Magnesim Mg2	45.2
Sodium –So42-	21.8	Manganese	0.64
Alkalinity	344 as Caco3	pH	units

a)What is the Co2 concentration in mg/l?

b)Please provide a bar chart and determine the total hardness, carbonate hardness, and noncarbonated hardness of raw water?

c)Dtermine the lime and soda ash dose in mg/l as CaCo3, to soften the above water to a final hardness of 95.0 mg/l as CaCo3?

d)If the price of lime is purchased as CaO (87% pure) is $100 per Mega-gram (Mg), and the price of soda ash, purchased as Na2Co3 (97% pure) is $200 per Mg. What is the annual chemical cost of treating 0.15 m3/s of this water?