Question

Q1) The reaction shown below is endothermic.

NH4NO3 (s) NH4 + (aq) + NO3 − (aq)

a) Add energy (heat) to the above reaction as either a product or a reactant.

b) If the system shown above is cooled down, would the equilibrium shift to the right or to the left? Why?

c) Suppose you increase the concentration of NH4 + (aq). Would the equilibrium shift to the right or to the left? Why?

Q2) Consider the equilibrium reaction shown below.

HF(aq) + H2O(l) H3O + (aq) + F− (aq)

a) What will happen to the concentration of hydronium (H3O + ) in the system if a solution containing hydroxide (OH− ) is added? (Hint: see Equation (1).)

b) In which direction will the equilibrium shift if hydroxide is added? Why?