1) Quality soap in water has a pH of 8.5-9.5. What might make the pH significantly higher or lower? Would you use the soap you made? Explain. 2) We added various salts to our soap solution. What is the significance of these results in our homes? 3) What is the significance of the results with added acid and base? 4) What are the possible impurities in the soap? How would that impact the use of your soap for washing your body?

OneClass: 1) Quality soap in water has a pH of 8.5-9.5. What might make the pH significantly higher o...

This is all the info we are given to make our own procedure.

Chern 204-PSL 8 Synthesis of Soap ç(Work in Individirally The Intent of this Lab Present a plan which when followed synthesizes soap from household shortening Introduction Animal fats are rich in triglycerides (gl this combination hydr gone days, soap was made by heating water, wood ashes and the rendered down fat of the latest kill. ycerol esters) and wood ashes are a source of NaOH and KOH. When is heated together in water, the ester groups of the fat undergo nucleophilic attack by the oxide to release glycerol and three molecules of long chain carboxylic acids as their sodium and potassium salts (soap!). Base catalyzed ester hydrolysis is called saponification (soaponification?) Today, we shall be substituting shortening for bear fat and NaOH for wood ashes to make soap. PartA Given: Experimental -Ester Hvdrolysis Shortening (4 g), 95% ethanol ( 1 S mL), NaOH (2 g), water(10 mL) A lab with glassware, organic and inorganic compounds Useful hints Present the written group plan to your instructor which outlines how the ester groups of fat are to be base hydrolyzed to produce carboxylate anions and glycerol. Reflux an ethanolic shortening solution with an aqueous base solution for 30 minutes Objective: Hints: sure all ground glass joints are wiped clean of base solution or they will seize up Part B-workup Given: Reaction mixture from part A, NaCI (12 g), water (50 mL). Glassware ete. Useful hints. Objective: Present the written group plan to your instructor which outlines how the carboxylate anions are to be precipitated as the sodium salt and so make soap. Cold aqueous salt solutions are good sources of sodium ions. Use a J-cloth to filter the crystals. You will have to gently squeeze the cloth to remove the NaOH solution. Discard the NaOH filtrate. Be careful of strong base solutions! Wear gloves!! Wash the crystals with ice water and again isolate the product. Place the product on a paper towel with wax paper under the paper towel. Use the paper towel HintsCo to dry the product and make a cute shape out it. t Store in your section's locker and allow to dry 65

What is the procedure I should use? write out the steps using information provided and any online references if needed.

Chern 204-PSL 8 Synthesis of Soap ç(Work in Individirally The Intent of this Lab Present a plan which when followed synthesizes soap from household shortening Introduction Animal fats are rich in triglycerides (gl this combination hydr gone days, soap was made by heating water, wood ashes and the rendered down fat of the latest kill. ycerol esters) and wood ashes are a source of NaOH and KOH. When is heated together in water, the ester groups of the fat undergo nucleophilic attack by the oxide to release glycerol and three molecules of long chain carboxylic acids as their sodium and potassium salts (soap!). Base catalyzed ester hydrolysis is called saponification (soaponification?) Today, we shall be substituting shortening for bear fat and NaOH for wood ashes to make soap. PartA Given: Experimental -Ester Hvdrolysis Shortening (4 g), 95% ethanol ( 1 S mL), NaOH (2 g), water(10 mL) A lab with glassware, organic and inorganic compounds Useful hints Present the written group plan to your instructor which outlines how the ester groups of fat are to be base hydrolyzed to produce carboxylate anions and glycerol. Reflux an ethanolic shortening solution with an aqueous base solution for 30 minutes Objective: Hints: sure all ground glass joints are wiped clean of base solution or they will seize up Part B-workup Given: Reaction mixture from part A, NaCI (12 g), water (50 mL). Glassware ete. Useful hints. Objective: Present the written group plan to your instructor which outlines how the carboxylate anions are to be precipitated as the sodium salt and so make soap. Cold aqueous salt solutions are good sources of sodium ions. Use a J-cloth to filter the crystals. You will have to gently squeeze the cloth to remove the NaOH solution. Discard the NaOH filtrate. Be careful of strong base solutions! Wear gloves!! Wash the crystals with ice water and again isolate the product. Place the product on a paper towel with wax paper under the paper towel. Use the paper towel HintsCo to dry the product and make a cute shape out it. t Store in your section's locker and allow to dry 65

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