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Chemistry
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13 Dec 2019

Which of thefollowing statements regarding empirical and molecular formulas isCORRECTt?

A.
Information onpercent composition is all that is necessary to determine both anempirical and a molecular formula.
B.
A compound with anempirical formula of CH2O and a molar mass of 90 g/molwould have a molecular formula ofC3H6O3.
C.
The compoundsC2H4 and C3H6 havedifferent empirical formulas.
D.
The compound benzenehas a molecular formula of C6H6, so itsempirical formula would be C3H3.
E.
The formulaCa2Cl4 is the correct empirical formula forcalcium chloride.

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Nestor Rutherford
Nestor RutherfordLv2
17 Dec 2019

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3. Isoprene is a liquid compound that can be polymerized to form natural rubber. It is composed of 88.17% carbon and 11.83% hydrogen. Its molar mass is 68.11 g/mol. What are its empirical and molecular formulas?
 
4. Camphor is found in camphor wood, much prized for its wonderful odor. It is composed of 78.90% carbon and 10.59% hydrogen. The remainder is oxygen. What is its empirical formula?

 

Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of each of the following substances:

(a) Styrene, a compound substance used to make Styrofoam® cups and insulation, contains 92.3% C and 7.7% H by mass and has a molar mass of 104 g/mol.

(b) Caffeine, a stimulant found in coffee, contains 49.5% C, 5.15% H, 28.9% N, and 16.5% O by mass and has a molar mass of 195 g/mol.

(c) Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer in certain foods, contains 35.51% C, 4.77% H, 37.85% O, 8.29% N, and 13.60% Na, and has a molar mass of 169 g/mol.

Empirical formula of this compound is CH.

To determine the molecular formula, we need to find out how many times is molar mass higher than the mass of empirical formula:

Molecular formula is C8H8.

b) Empirical formula of caffeine:

Empirical formula of caffeine is C4H5N2O. The sum of atomic masses from empirical formula is 97 g/mol.

Molecular formula of caffeine is 2 × empirical formula = C8H10N4O2

c) Empirical formula of MSG:

Empirical formula of MSG is C5H8NO4Na. The sum of atomic masses of empirical formula is 169 g/mol, the same as molar mass. Empirical and molecular formula are identical.

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