Explain how (a) a soap such as sodium stearate stabilizes a colloidal dispersion of oil droplets in water; (b) milk curdles upon addition of an acid.

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Tod ThielLv2

29 May 2020

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Compounds like sodium stearate, called “surfactants” in general, can form structures known as micelles in water, once the solution concentration reaches the value known as the critical micelle concentration (cmc). Micelles contain dozens to hundreds of molecules. The cmc depends on the substance, the solvent, and the temperature.

At and above the cmc, the properties of the solution vary drastically.
(a) The turbidity (the amount of light scattering) of solutions increases dramatically at the cmc. Suggest an explanation. (b) The ionic conductivity of the solution dramatically changes at the cmc. Suggest an explanation. (c) Chemists have developed fluorescent dyes that glow brightly only when the dye molecules are in a hydrophobic environment. Predict how the intensity of such fluorescence would relate to the concentration of sodium stearate as the sodium stearate concentration approaches and then increases past the cmc.

byzantiumdog201

would you expect a detergent such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate to react with hard water cations in the same manner as an ordinary soap molecule? explain.

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