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27 Jan 2018

Marty Kimble, who “retired” many years ago after winning a huge lottery jackpot, wants to start a new company that will sell authentic sports memorabilia. He plans to name the company Pro Athlete Remembrances, or PAR for short. Marty is still in the planning stages, so he has a few questions about how PAR should be organized when he starts the business and what he should do if the company becomes very successful in the future. Marty has little knowledge of finance concepts. To answer his questions and learn more about finance in general, Mr. Kimble has hired Sunshine Business Consultants (SBC). Assume that you are a new employee of SBC and your boss has asked you to answer the following questions for Mr. Kimble. What is finance? Why is the finance function important to the success of a business? Why is it important for persons who work in other areas in a business to have an understanding of finance? Do you think it is more important for Marty Kimble to have a basic understanding of all the areas in a business than a person who works for a large national corporation? What are the alternative forms of business organization? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? What form of business organization do you recommend that Mr. Kimble use when starting PAR? Why? Assume that PAR is organized as a proprietorship when it starts business. If PAR becomes extremely successful and grows substantially, would you recommend that Mr. Kimble change the business organization to either a partnership or a corporation?

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Reid Wolff
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27 Jan 2018

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home / study / business / finance / finance questions and answers / question 1 (20 marks) (show all workings) this question relates to material covered in the ...

Question: Question 1 (20 marks) (show all workings) This question relates to material covered in the Topic ...

Question 1 (20 marks) (show all workings)

This question relates to material covered in the Topic 3 on Financial Mathematics. This question addresses the 6th subject learning outcome.

a. A couple wants to accumulate $10,000 by making payments of $800 at the end of each half year into a savings account that earns interest of 10% per annum. Find the number of full payments required and the size of the concluding payment.

b. A woman wins $200,000 in a lottery. She takes only $20,000 in cash and invests the balance at a rate of interest of 10% with the understanding that she will receive 180 equal monthly payments, with the first one to be made in 4 years. Find the size of the payments.

c. Dr.Ritz has been depositing $4,000 in her savings account every December since 2007. Her account earns 5% compounded annually. How much will she have in December 2017? (Assume a deposit will be made in the year 2017).

d. Mary Tune will receive $20,000 every year for the next 10 years as a payment for a new song she has written. If a 6.0% rate is applicable, should she be willing to sell out her future rights now for $150,000?

e. Mr. Tomas wants to buy an annuity of $1,000 a year for 10 years that is protected against inflation. The ABC Trust Company offers to sell him an annuity where payments increase each year by exactly 10%. Find the cost of this annuity if the rate of interest is 12% per annum.

David Lyons, CEO of lyons Solar Technologies, is concerned about his firm's level of debt financing. The company uses short term debt to finance its temporary working capital needs, but it does not use any permanent (long-term) debt. Other solar technology companies average about 30% debt, and Mr, Lyons wonders why they use so much more debt and how it affects stock prices. To gain some insights into matter, he poses the following question to you his recently hired assistant. Please answer the following question in your own words. Assume that firms U and L are in the same risk class and that both have EBIT=$500,000. FIrms U uses no debt financing and its cost of equity is rsu=14%. Firm L has $1 million of debt outstanding at a cost of Rd=8% There are no taxes Assume that the MM assumptions hold.

Please answer the following questions

Now assume that Firms L and U are both subject to a 40% corporate tax rate. Using the data given in Part b, repeat the analysis called for in b(1) and b (2) using assumptions from the MM model with taxes.

This questions are based on FINANCE LAW subject,
If you guys can solve it using IRAC METHOD.
PART A
Jasper is a furniture manufacturer who runs a successful business in Caroline Springs as a sole trader. He owns the land on which his existing factory is built together with plant and equipment including two motor vehicles. He wants to take on partners to help put into effect his grand plans for expansion including the setting up of several more factories. Obviously, he says to himself, I need an injection of funds to finance these great plans.
So Jasper goes to a branch of the Very Accommodating Bank (‘VA Bank’) that has just opened up in his area.
On 31 August he sees the local manager of the VA Bank, a lady called Gloria. He discusses with Gloria the amount of borrowed funds Jasper thinks he will need for his business. They agree that a loan of $750,000.00 would meet Jasper’s immediate needs.
They discuss different types of loans and Gloria says: ‘Well, Jasper that is all very interesting. Based upon my experience with similar businesses to yours, I can say that the Bank would be very interested in lending you what you need. Of course we would require security. We would certainly require a mortgage over your real property together with a fixed/floating charge over your other assets.’
Jasper says that he doesn’t want to pay high fees and requires an interest rate of no more than 7% payable quarterly for the loan. Gloria says: ‘As to interest, I can only tell you that our current rate is 7.25%. What do you think about all of this? ‘Jasper says to her: ‘I will think about it and get back to you.’ Gloria says: ‘Well, don’t take too long about it.’
Jasper is getting a little fed up with Gloria’s over bearing manner and thinks he can get a better deal elsewhere. Unfortunately, he finds that in fact no one else will lend to him. So two weeks later on 14 September Jasper emails Gloria, in which email he states: ‘I accept your offer of 31 August.’
A week later Jasper phones Gloria to ask when he can access the loan. Gloria says to him: ‘Sorry, Jasper, but there has been a downturn in the Bank’s shares and the interest rate for loans such as yours is now 8.5%.’
(a) Ignoring legislation or Codes of Conduct, advise Jasper as to whether or not VA Bank is obliged to provide him with a loan of $750,000.00 at 7.25%. Give reasons for your answer.​ [5 marks]
Although he is dismayed at the Bank’s attitude, Jasper is desperate to get his plans under way and phones Gloria saying: ‘We agree to your terms but I have one question of importance to me - Can I have the option of repaying the loan on an interest only basis instead of repaying principal and interest should my circumstances make such a change necessary?’ To which Gloria replied: ‘I am fairly certain you can have that facility.’
Jasper receives the Bank’s standard contract documents for the loan, signs them and returns the documents to Gloria. Unfortunately Jasper was pressed for time and did not actually read the contracts before signing. On reading them the next day he is dismayed to find that they contain the usual obligations to repay regular instalments of principal and interest but there is no reference to an option to pay interest only.
(b) Advise Jasper if he can insist upon the Bank including an option clause in the loan agreement.​​ [3 marks]
Finally, Jasper had previously banked at the ​Westfall Bank. In the course of discussions between Gloria and Joe, the Manager of Westfall Bank, Joe tells Gloria that Jasper needs to be kept an eye on as he was always writing cheques in favour of the local casino. Gloria passes this information on to Jasper, who is appalled at this slight on his reputation.
(c) Advise Jasper what rights he has against Westfall Bank. [2 marks]​
PART B
Chameleon Ltd is a customer of the Caring and Wealthy Bank. It is a very large company and employs more than 100 people and therefore the Code of Banking Practice does not apply to it. When it opened its account with the Caring and Wealthy Bank, Chameleon Ltd agreed to be bound by this Bank’s terms and conditions as notified to it from time to time. Six months after the account is opened Caring and Wealthy Bank sends its statement to Chameleon Ltd together with the following letter:
PLEASE READ THIS LETTER. IT CONTAINS EXCITING NEW INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR ACCOUNT.
Dear Customer (‘you’),
The Caring and Wealthy Bank (‘us’) is always trying to find new ways to service you.
To enable us to do this, however, we have decided to introduce a new term of the contract between you and us. This is to enable us to reduce costs in one area so we can provide you with exciting new services. The new clause 12 of the contract between you and us is as follows:
The customer (‘you’) must read each bank statement sent to you. If there are any inconsistencies in the statement you must notify the bank of the inconsistencies within 10 business days. Failure to notify us of such inconsistencies means the amount of the balance contained in the incorrect statement represents what you owe us or what we owe you, as the case may be.
The managing director of Chameleon Ltd receives the bank statement and letter. She doesn’t read the bank statement. She starts to read the letter but throws it in the bin after she reads the first sentence thinking the bank is trying to sell new products to the company. ‘Just another publicity stunt,’ she remarks to the office cat.
The bank statement shows that between 1 February and 1 April $1 million has been fraudulently withdrawn from the company’s bank account. Chameleon Ltd does not notify the bank of the fraudulent withdrawal within 10 business days of receiving the statement. It is later discovered by the bank that an employee of Chameleon Ltd, called Cynthia, had fraudulently withdrawn the $1 million and then proceeded to lose the whole sum at the casino. The bank was then informed.
Two months later on 1 June the managing director becomes aware that on 15 May, Colin, the company’s accounts clerk, had fraudulently stolen $2,000 from the company’s current bank account at The Caring and Wealthy Bank by forging company cheques. Colin’s wife had just died and the managing director does not tell the bank about the forgeries. On 30 July, Colin steals a further $1,000 from the company account in the same manner.
After discovering on 30 July what Colin has done, the managing director comes to you and asks you to advise Chameleon Ltd what to do and whether The Caring and Wealthy Bank is entitled to debit the company’s account for
1. the $1million stolen by Cynthia and
2. the $3,000 in total stolen by Colin.
Advise Chameleon Ltd giving reasons with relevant cases. Consider what effect, if any, the letter from the Bank purporting to introduce a ‘NEW TERM’ has on the situation? What Duties of the Banker and Customer ,if any,are involved here? ​ [7 marks]
PART C
Martin Pty Ltd has an account with the Caring and Wealthy Bank named ‘Wages Account’ used (as Martin’s CEO explained to the Bank’s Manager ) for payment of wages to staff. The balance in credit was $25,000.The company also had a current account in debit to the extent of $10,000 and a loan account so designated in debit to the extent of $15,000.
Can the Bank combine any of these accounts? Explain the concept of Combination of Accounts using case law to illustrate your answer. [3 marks]

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