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1.What do alleles have to do with genotypes and phenotypes?

2.Explain the difference between dominant traits and recessive traits in terms of the types of genotypes needed for each to be expressed as a phenotype.

3.Explain the difference between homozygous and heterozygous

4.Be able to write genotypes for homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, and heterozygous individuals. For example, try writing them now using the letters “D” and “d” to represent the dominant allele and recessive allele, respectively.

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24 Aug 2019
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Related questions

GENETICS : You perform a dihybrid cross between two dogs that are each BbFf. Where not specified otherwise, assume black fur B is completely dominant to white fur b and furry F is completely dominant to hairless f

1. What genotypes at one locus will be epistatic to what genotypes at the other locus, if hair color and hair presence were the only measured phenotypes? (you may find it helpful to write out the genotypes and the phenotypes each would produce, and remember that epistasis is involved in this question).

What phenotypic ratios would you expect in the following scenarios (assume, unless otherwise noted, that the epistasis in part 1 still applies)?

2. Black B is completely dominant to albino b, furry F is completely dominant to hairless f

3. Black displays incomplete dominance to albino , and furry is codominant with hairless

4. Animals that are heterozygous at either locus are black and furry, overriding the other locus' geneotype

5. The black allele B displays epistasis when present at even one copy that masks the effects of the hairless f allele

6. It takes two black B alleles to mask the effects of the hairless f allele

7. Both the black alleles B and furry alleles F are lethal in their homozygous dominant states

8. Both the albino alleles b and hairless alleles f are lethal in their homozygous recessive states

9. Female dogs die when they have homozygous recessive or homozygous dominant states for either locus (dogs use XY inheritance for sex like we do). Note sex of doss in your phenotype ratios.

10. The black allele B although completely dominant, is the only 70% penetrant in heterozygotes and is 90% penetrant in homozygotes for the B allele

11. The hairless allele f is dominant in males and recessive in females

Question 1

What would be the dimensions of a Punnett square for the cross Hh x hh?

4 x 4

2 x 2

2 x 1

1 x 1

Question 2

In dogs, the gene for fur color has two alleles. The dominant allele (G) codes for grey and the recessive allele (g) codes for black fur. The female dog is heterozygous. The male dog is homozygous recessive. Figure out the phenotypes and genotypes possible in their puppies by using a Punnett Square. (provide answers on one line with commas between - xx, xx, xx, xx)

Genotypes: , ,

Phenotypes: ,

Question 3

The fundamental Mendelian process which involves the separation of alleles located at the same spot on the chromosome would be called ___.

segregation

independent assortment

continuous variation

discontinuous variation

Question 4

Using the information given on dominant and recessive traits, state the phenotype for each genotype. Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers in pea plants.

-A.B.C.

PP_____________

-A.B.C.

Pp____________
-A.B.C.

pp_______________
A.

purple flowers
B.

purple flowers
C.

white flowers

Question 5

In dogs, the gene for fur color has two alleles. The dominant allele (G) codes for grey and the recessive allele (g) codes for black fur. The female dog has black fur and the male dog is homozygous dominant. Make a Punnett square to determine the chance of getting each genotype and phenotype below.

-A.B.

Probability of GG:
-A.B.

Probability of Gg:
-A.B.

Probability of gg:
-A.B.

Probability of gray fur:
-A.B.

Probability of black fur:
A.

100
B.

0

Question 6

Using the information given on dominant and recessive traits, state the phenotype for each genotype. Round seeds are dominant to wrinkled seeds in pea plants.

-A.B.C.

RR______________
-A.B.C.

Rr _____________
-A.B.C.

rr ____________
A.

round seeds
B.

wrinkled seeds
C.

round seeds

Question 7

Using the information given on dominant and recessive traits, state the phenotype for each genotype. Hairy knuckles are dominant to non-hairy knuckles in humans.

-A.B.C.

HH_____________
-A.B.C.

Hh ___________
-A.B.C.

hh _________________
A.

non-hairy knuckles
B.

hairy knuckles
C.

hairy knuckles

Question 8

An allele is ___.

one of the bases in DNA

an alternate form of a gene

another term for epistasis

present only in males and is responsible for sex determination

Question 9

In a cross of a round hybrid pea with a true breeding round parent (Rr x RR), what genotypic proportions would be observed in the offspring?

Half heterozygous, half homozygous dominant

Half round, half wrinkled

All heterozygous

All round

Question 10

What would be the dimensions of a Punnett Square depicting a dihybrid cross?

1 x 4

2 x 4

4 x 4

2 x 2

Differentiate between asexual and sexual reproduction, and explain the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Differentiate between dominant and recessive alleles, and describe how they are expressed in homozygous, heterozygous, and recessive states.

Distinguish between phenotype and genotype. Which of them interacts directly with the environment? When would a mutation in only one allele affect the phenotype of a diploid organism? When would a mutation in only one allele affect adaptation to a changing environment?

Distinguish between a gamete and a zygote.

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