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18 Dec 2019

I have to make a thread about this:

We will discuss the mode of action of cosmetic, skin creams inparticular, and attenpt to determine if they actually do what themanfactures claim.

You will find one item that you use in your daily ablutions andfind out what it is supposed to do your you and then comment onwhether those claims have any scientific basis.

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31 Dec 2019
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Related questions

COLLAPSE

You might have heard not too long ago about a caseinvolving a New Jersey company called Biomedical Tissue Services,which was accused of selling processed body parts from stolencadavers. Bone and tissue from some of these bodies turned up inJoplin, Missouri, and were used in surgeries performed recently inboth of our local hospitals. They have of course turned up in manyother places also.

The body parts processing industry is a largely unknown but verylucrative –and usually legal – industry that takes tissue, bone,tendons, ligaments, heart valves, corneas, and various other bodyparts, processes them, and turns them into products that can beused in various kinds of surgery. Some 20,000 bodies are “processed” in this way in the U.S. each year. Typically, a familywill consent to the donation, and the body is then taken by anon-profit body harvesting foundation. This foundation then passesthe body on to various specialized companies for a token price, andthese companies then harvest the different body parts, and processand sell them to medical supply companies, which then sell them tohospitals. Every one makes a profit in these transactions exceptthe donor and the donor’s family. It is estimated that a singledonor body can generate the raw material for products that sell forup to a total of $220,000.00. If vital organs are included, thebody might generate up to a $1,000,000.00 worth of products. Theethical dilemma I would like you to discuss here concerns thequestion of whether families of donors should be paid for bodyparts donations? Is it fair that others make a handsome profit fromthe sale of body parts, but those who “donate” them don’t? If youthink people or their families should be paid when they donate, doyou feel the same way about vital organs like hearts, lungs,kidneys, etc.?

For your information – and at risk of making this posting overlylong – here is some more information about what body parts can bedonated and how they are used. Cadaver skin is used both for burnvictims and in cosmetic surgery, and skin from a single donor canbe turned into product that can be sold for several tens ofthousands of dollars. Tendons and ligaments are of course used inknee and joint surgery and they can cost patients thousands ofdollars each. Corneas can fetch $2400.00 per pair. A heart valvecosts around $7000.00. One catalogue lists 650 body parts productsthat can be purchased. Separate bones are harvested, and bones arealso fashioned into various sizes and shapes, and ground down topowder form and used in bone paste, screws, wedges, and putty.Products are typically freeze dried or frozen so that they canremain useable for up to five years after harvesting.

U.S. law requires that body parts be harvested only from donorswho have signed consent forms. There is also rigorous medicaltesting that is required, including screening for HIV, Hepatitus Band C, and syphilis. Needless to say, none of this testing was doneon the cadavers stolen by Biomedical Tissue Services. This companyis now out of business and its former owner, Michael Mastromarino,is in jail. Surely, we all agree that what Mastromarino’s companydid was wrong, but what do you think of the larger question? Whencompanies make hundreds of thousands of dollars from donated bodyparts, is it fair that the donors and their families getnothing?

Behavior Topic : Increasing physical activity

1) the behavior you wish to change ​: Increasing physical activity
​How does it affect your life?
2) Establish some Baseline data about your behavior increasing physical activity
You won’t know where you are if you don’t know where you started
i.e. how do you know if you lost weight, if you don’t know how much you weighed?
​Keep a diary of your habits for a few days
​Write down your feelings on those days, especially in relation to the activity you want to change
​What triggers do you notice in relation to your behavior?
​What do we know about your behavior? What contributes to it?
​What is the history of this behavior? When it is worse? Better?
2b) Summarize your baseline data. ​​
Identify any patterns you see.
Look at the positives and the negatives
Accept what you have found as accurate
Focus on strengths as well as weaknesses
Identify any patterns you see. If they are strengths, use them as such, if the patterns are behavior weaknesses, work on changing them.
3) Establish some specific goals. ​
Short term goals
Long term goals
Every journey starts with the first step, remember that.
If long term goal is to lose 30 pounds, short term should be one pound per week. You can’t do it all in a day! And you will get sad if you don’t see immediate results. Even if you are choosing to quit smoking cold turkey, you need to see the accomplishments of making it one day, then a week…..
What is a short term goal? This is a smaller project related to your overall goal of being a healthier, happier you!
​e.g. lose 8 pounds over the quarter
What is a long term goal? This looks at overall, lasting improved health for your lifetime, e.g.
​Eat more fruits and veggies EVERY day
​Meet your calcium intake requirement EVERY day
4) Make a personal contract to accomplish your goals. ​10 points
Write down both the starting and ending dates. This will help you focus on specific activities for reaching your goals....
Specify the time
Specify the personal resources
Specify the energy that you will need to commit to this project

The town of Fremont met recently to discuss the pros and cons of protecting prairie dogs. Prairie dogs are burrowing rodents the size of rabbits that live in colonies underground in grasslands and prairies. Their numbers have been greatly reduced over the last few decades. Dr. Masser, a local biologist, pointed out that prairie dogs are an important part of the prairie food web, as they are prey for many birds and mammals. Without federal protection from both the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, they could become extinct in a few years. Dr. Masser also explained that 2 of the 5 species of prairie dogs are already listed as either threatened or endangered. Local ranchers disagreed. Mr. Smith stated that he will continue to poison or shoot the prairie dogs on his land because they destroy the grasses that are needed by his livestock, and he encouraged the BLM to do the same on public lands.

(a) Explain the tragedy of the commons in general terms. Then, using the information you just read about the prairie dog and any other relevant information, incorporate the town of Fremont’s discussion into your explanation.

(b) Identify and discuss one argument in favor of preserving western grasslands as habitat for prairie dogs and one argument in favor of maintaining those grasslands for the grazing of livestock.

(c) Identify one action that the Bureau of Land Management and one action that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service could take to resolve this land use conflict.

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