PSYC 2310 Chapter : Development Over a lifespan.docx
11 Dec 2012
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Inverted u-shape: emerges early, peaks and than diminishes with age. U-shape function: emerges early, disappears, then re-emerges. Different cohorts grew up in different time periods. Longitudinal; repeatedly tests the same cohort as it grows older. E. g. test 10 year olds this month, then re-tests every 5 years. 23rd chromosome means boy or girl female= xx male = xy. Environmental agents that may cause abnormal fetal development: nicotine; premature birth, low birth rate, mercury; birth defects, stds; brain damage, blindness. Simple observational learning; imitate adult facial expressions. 20/800 at birth to 20/100 by first 6 months. 3-4 months= organized according to gestalt principles. U-shaped function disappears at 4 months, reappears at 6 months. Phoneme discrimination: disappears by age 1/exceeds that of an adult. Music perception; shows similar response to adults. Cephalocaudal principle; development is from head to foot. Head is large, growth proceeds to lower body. Proximodistal principle; development is from innermost to outer.
