BLG 251 Lecture Notes - Blood Sugar, Adipose Tissue, Cell Membrane
Document Summary
Digestion of carbohydrates in diet: digestion polysaccharide glucose, fluctuation of glucose blood level depend on amount + type of carbohydrate eaten. Breakdown of glycogen: excess glucose glycogen glucose, storage polysaccharide made from excess glucose by glycogenesis, glycogen is abundant in liver + muscles. Conversion of non-carbohydrates to glucose by gluconeogenesis. Oxidation of glucose by respiration: glucose atp energy, rate of respiration varies for different activities, this affects glucose uptake from blood into cells. Brain is unable to store carbohydrates: lack of glucose in blood no respiratory substrate insufficient energy for brain, short period of time already causes brain to malfunction. Normal glucose level in blood 90mg per 100cm . After a meal it rarely exceeds 150mg per 100cm . Contains islets of langerhans sensitive to blood glucose conc. Islet cells contain: -cells secrete glucagon and -cells secrete insulin, capillaries into which hormones are secreted, delta cells produce hormone somatostatin inhibits secretion of glucagon. Exocrine role is to produce digestive enzymes.