BIOL 1010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 29: Herbivore, Coevolution, Morphine
14 May 2017
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Negative effects of predation on reproductive success have evolved adaptations to survive predators. Herbivory affects plant reproduction not as fatal as predation. Some adaptions plants use are: thorns, spines; chemical toxins tend to be distasteful therefore herbivores tend to avoid them ex: poison strychnine, morphine, nicotine, sulphur compounds, milkweed. Coevolution: series of reciprocal evolutionary adaptations in two species. Occurs when a change in one spedcies acts as a new selective force on another species, in resulting adaptatipns of the second species in turn affect selection of individuals in first species. 38. 7 trophic structure: sequence of food up trophic levels is known as food chain. Producers autotrophs(self feeders)- use light energy to power synthesis of organic compounds. Plants main producers on land, water: unicellular protists and cyanobacteria. Primary consumers(heterotrophs): eat plants, algae or phytoplankton ex: grasshoppers, many insects snails, zooplankton in water. Secondary consumers: eat primary consumers ex: small mammals (mouse), variety of birds, frogs, spiders lions, small fish(herring)
