Biology 1002B Final: UWO Biology 1002B February Exam Notes.docx
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The Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________________.
mass extinction | ||
evolutionary stasis | ||
a large meteor impact | ||
adaptive radiation |
1 points
QUESTION 2
Most animals are viviparous.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 3
The first phylum with ganglia in their nervous system are the ________________________.
Mollusca | ||
Nematoda | ||
Bivalvia | ||
Platyhelminthes |
1 points
QUESTION 4
The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a _____________________.
a unicellular worm | ||
multicellular algae | ||
flagellated protist | ||
multicellular fungus |
1 points
QUESTION 5
You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile by use of many short extensions of the cytoplasm. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large, one small. The organism is most likely to be a ______________.
foraminifera | ||
radiolarian | ||
ciliate | ||
flagellate |
1 points
QUESTION 6
Which of the following organisms would you expect to have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio? Assume that all of the following are the same total length.
A mollusc | ||
A nematode | ||
A platyhelminth | ||
Not enough information to determine. |
1 points
QUESTION 7
If the animal is a hermaphrodite, it is said to be _______________.
dioecious | ||
eutelic | ||
monoecious | ||
trioecious |
1 points
QUESTION 8
A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange and segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature ____________.
eight legs | ||
two pairs of antennae | ||
a sessile lifecycle | ||
an open circulatory system |
1 points
QUESTION 9
The Phylum Echinodermata exhibits metamerism.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 10
The existence of evolutionary trends, such as increasing body sizes among horse species, is evidence that _____.
a larger volume-to-surface area ratio is adaptive in many mammals | ||
evolution generally progresses toward some goal | ||
evolution tends toward increased complexity or increased size | ||
in particular environments, similar adaptations can be beneficial to more than one species |
1 points
QUESTION 11
Suppose you are a researcher fro a pest-control company and you develop a chemical that inhibits the develpment of an embryonic mosquito's endodermal cells. Which of the following would cause the pesticide to work?
The mosquito would develop a weak exoskeleton, making it easy prey. | ||
The mosquito's gut would not function properly and it would starve. | ||
The mosquito would not have a properly functioning muscular system. | ||
Nothing would happen and your experiment would be a failure. |
1 points
QUESTION 12
Holometabolis refers to complete metamorphosis.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 13
Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural selection?
Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are heritable.
Condition 2: Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success.
Condition 3: Individuals pass on most traits that they acquire during their lifetime.
Condition 1 only | ||
Condition 2 only | ||
Conditions 1 and 2 | ||
Conditions 2 and 3 |
1 points
QUESTION 14
Scientific theories _____. 22.3
are nearly the same things as hypotheses | ||
are supported by, and make sense of, many observations | ||
cannot be tested because the described events occurred only once | ||
are predictions of future events |
1 points
QUESTION 15
The evolution of animal species and their diversity is a result of the evolution of new and different ways to _______________.
reproduce | ||
arrange their cells into tissues | ||
become symmetrical | ||
form an embyro and establish a basic body plan |
It's a quiz for my life science class.
QUESTION 1
Organisms that have descended from the same initial group and have the ability to interbreed belong to the same
A. | species. | |
B. | family. | |
C. | class. | |
D. | genus. | |
E. | order. |
5 points
QUESTION 2
The simplest entity that exhibits all of the properties of life is called a(n)
A. | molecule. | |
B. | cell. | |
C. | organism. | |
D. | tissue. |
5 points
QUESTION 3
In populations, adaptation usually arises through
A. | responsiveness. | |
B. | heredity. | |
C. | metabolism. | |
D. | natural selection. | |
E. | development. |
5 points
QUESTION 4
Scientists have found that ancient fossils
A. | are less similar to present-day organisms than more recent fossils. | |
B. | are just as similar to present-day organisms as more recent fossils. | |
C. | are more similar to present-day organisms than more recent fossils. | |
D. | are very similar to present-day organisms. | |
E. | bear no resemblance to present-day organisms. |
5 points
QUESTION 5
What is the term that describes the study of the relationship between living things and components of their environment?
A. | herpetology | |
B. | analogy | |
C. | zoology | |
D. | ecology | |
E. | ichnology |
5 points
QUESTION 6
Characteristics usually associated with life include all of the following except:
A. | motility. | |
B. | a high degree of organization. | |
C. | lack of change from generation to generation. | |
D. | reproduction. | |
E. | responsiveness to stimuli. |
5 points
QUESTION 7
The scientific name for the black-footed ferret is Mustela nigripes. The name Mustela indicates the _____________________ to which the organisms belongs.
A. | phylum | |
B. | class | |
C. | family | |
D. | species | |
E. | genus |
5 points
QUESTION 8
Which of the following is considered to be the most basic living unit?
A. | organ system | |
B. | molecule | |
C. | organelle | |
D. | cell | |
E. | tissue |
5 points
QUESTION 9
Which of the following concepts best describes the wide variety of dog species we observe, ranging from the domesticated golden retriever or the basset hound, to the wild dogs of Africa, to foxes?
A. | preadaptation | |
B. | special creation | |
C. | inheritance of acquired characteristics. | |
D. | taxonomy | |
E. | evolution |
5 points
QUESTION 10
If an ecologist is studying the cycling of carbon through a particular environment (which involes the movement of carbon through living things as well as through rock, air, and water), the scientist is studying at what level of ecology?
A. | organismal | |
B. | community | |
C. | ecosystem | |
D. | population | |
E. | biosphere |
5 points
QUESTION 11
Which list is organized from smallest to largest level of organization of life?
A. | organisms, organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, organelles | |
B. | organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms | |
C. | organelles, tissues, cells, organ systems, organs, organisms | |
D. | tissues, cells, organelles, organs, organ systems, organisms | |
E. | cells, tissues, organ systems, organelles, organs, organisms |
5 points
QUESTION 12
When examining the hierarchy of life, which of the following terms is most inclusive?
A. | biosphere | |
B. | population | |
C. | species | |
D. | ecosystem |
5 points
QUESTION 13
The units of inheritance are
A. | evolutions. | |
B. | heredities. | |
C. | genes | |
D. | twins. | |
E. | metabolic activities. |
5 points
QUESTION 14
Organisms that undergo asexual reproduction
A. | require another organism to reproduce. | |
B. | are usually very complex. | |
C. | produce offspring that are different from each other. | |
D. | do not require energy to reproduce. | |
E. | produce offspring that are identical to each other and to the parent. |
5 points
QUESTION 15
All the living organisms in a particular area at a particular time make up a
A. | biosphere. | |
B. | community. | |
C. | biosystem. | |
D. | population. | |
E. | ecosystem. |
5 points
QUESTION 16
The first step in the scientific method is to
A. | identify a problem. | |
B. | predict the results of an experiment. | |
C. | propose a solution. | |
D. | draw a conclusion. | |
E. | perform an experiment. |
5 points
QUESTION 17
Young multicelled organisms usually start out small, then grow in size, and increase in complexity. This process is called:
A. | heredity. | |
B. | metabolism. | |
C. | development. | |
D. | evolution. | |
E. | heredity. |
5 points
QUESTION 18
To maintain order within their cells and organs, all living things must
A. | carry on metabolism. | |
B. | reproduce. | |
C. | constantly change. | |
D. | be able to move. | |
E. | extract energy from sunlight. |
5 points
QUESTION 19
Which of the following includes Highest levels of hierarchy?
A. | family | |
B. | phylum | |
C. | domain | |
D. | kingdom | |
E. | order |
5 points
QUESTION 20
Fungi are classified into which domain?
A. | Archaea | |
B. | Eukarya | |
C. | Bacteria | |
D. | Fungi |
Expression vectors inprokaryotes do not make functional eukaryotic gene products inbacteria very well because
Answer Not sure which one ?!
· the codon sequence for prokaryotes is differentthan the codon sequence in eukaryotes | ||
· there are no disulfide bridges formed in proteinsnormally made in prokaryotes | ||
· prokaryotic expression vectors cannot translateeukarytic sequences | ||
· eukaryotic genes have introns, and prokaryotesdon't | ||
· eukaryotic genes have exons and prokaryotesdon't |
I create a knockout mouseusing the agouti/black fur system \. When I cross the agoutioffspring of the originally engineered mouse, I find a ratio of 2agouti mice to 1 black furred mouse. What is the bestexplanation?
Answer not sure which one?!
· The gene knocked out was recessive. | ||
· The gene knocked out was dominant. | ||
· The gene knocked out was a lethalgene. | ||
· The knockput was integrated into a random spot,and did not knockput the original gene. |
A restriction enzyme cuts DNAand leaves the following end
xxCTGCA
xxG
Which of the following could be the sequence of the correspondingend of the other end of the cut DNA?
Answer
· xxG | |||||||||||||||||
· xxC | |||||||||||||||||
· xxCCGAT | |||||||||||||||||
· xxGGCTA An SNP always occurs dueto Answer
|
I PCR out a mutated gene in apatient with Lisenbee chorea (the inability to dance in acoordinated fashion) and I compare it to another patient with thatsame disease phenotype. One subject had a mutation on chromosome 4,and the other subject couldn't rock it because of a mutation onchromosome 5. This is an exampe of
Answer
· pleitropy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
· locus heterogeneity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
· allelic heterogeneity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
· dominant negative mutation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
· penetrance In his experiments, Mendelnoted that when two traits are involved in a genetic cross, theyare inherited independently of each other. Though Mendel didn'tknow about chromosomes, this still holds true (mostly)because Answer
Anticipation is caused by amutation that increases in expressivity over subsequentgenerations. Answer · True · False Question 44 I have a genotype that shouldproduce a specific phenotype, but some of the individuals with thegenotype do not demonstrate any evidence of the phenotype. I wouldconsider this an example of Answer
Question Which of the following doesnot occur during the PCR reactions? Answer
Question DNA markers, or variantnon-coding regions of DNA, are DNA polymorphisms that are usefulfor genetic mapping. Answer · True · False |
A mosaic is an organismwith
Answer
· multiple genotypes within one organism | ||
· multiple alleles within one genotype | ||
· more than one color of fur | ||
· transgenes added to the zygote beforedevelopement | ||
· a wt phenotype but a mutated genotype |
Question
Genotype causesphenotype.
Answer
· No, gentoype just influences phenotype. | ||
· Yes, genotype is the DNA sequence that createsphenotype. |
Question
A true genetic chimera can becreated by
Answer
· mutating a gene early on in the development of anorganism resulting in different alleles being present in theadult | ||
· multiple fertilized eggs or zygotes fusing to formone embryo | ||
· adding a transgene to the genome of an organismduring fetal development only | ||
· adding cells of a different species to an adultorganism | ||
· adding a transgene to the genome of an animal atany stage in development |
Question
The ABO blood group can bestbe explained by the concept of _______.
Answer
· dominant traits | ||
· recessive traits | ||
· allelic heterogeneity | ||
· locus heterogeneity | ||
· vampirism |
If a loss of functionmutation creates a dominant phenotype, it may be becauseof
Answer
· haploinsufficiency | ||
· penetrance | ||
· expressivity | ||
· allelic heterogeneity | ||
· locus heterogeneity |
Please select the best matchfor each.
Answer
| Answer
|
A gene mutates, and theprotein produced has a novel way of interacting with the cell, andcreates a new phenotype because of this new functionality. This iscalled
Answer
· pleitropy | ||
· locus heterogeneity | ||
· allelic heterogeneity | ||
· dominant negative mutation | ||
· gain of function dominant mutation |
Question 62
Mutations in the somaticchromosomes may be inherited by the next generation.
Answer
· True
· False
A degenerate PCR primer withmany variant sequences must be used to make multiple copies of agene
Answer
· if only the protein sequence of the gene productis known to construct the primers | ||
· if the DNA you are using is cDNA to constructthe primers | ||
· if the DNA you are using is genomic DNA to becopied | ||
· if the DNA you are trying to copy iscDNA | ||
· if the vector is prokaryotic and the transformedcell is eukarytotic |
Question
Please select the best matchfor each term.
Answer
| Answer
|
Question
A couple goes on MauryPovitch, and the results are in: you are not the father. But noother man impregnated the female (granted, unlikely for a MauryPovitch guest, but work with me here) and he must be the father.DNA analysis claims otherwise, though the child definitely wasmom's (poor thing). What may be going on here?
Answer
· the child is parthenogenic because the motheractually impregnated herself like a shark, and the child's DNA isall mom's | ||
· the child had a mutation that changed the genethat is used to trace paternity | ||
· the child is a mosaic because he is actually a setof twins fused early during fetal development, and therefore camefrom 2 eggs and 2 sperm | ||
· the dad may have germ-line mosaicism, meaning thatthe genotype of his sperm is different from his somaticgenotype | ||
· mitochondrial DNA only comes from mom, so there isno way to tell whobthe baby's father is |