Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lentil, Drosophila Melanogaster, Chi-Squared Test

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Lucien cu not, one of the first individuals to test mendelian principles using animals, was studying coat colour in mice when he discovered strange anomalies regarding the expected 3:1 mendelian ratios of the f1 offspring. Matings of inbred agouti mice (recessive allele) to yellow mice (dominant allele) always resulted in a 1:1 ratio of yellow to agouti, where the yellow mice are always heterozygous. Matings of yellow to yellow mice always resulted in a 2:1 ratio of yellow (all heterozygous) to agouti. It was later determined that two copies of the dominant yellow coat allele (ayay) was lethal to the bearing mouse. This is a clear-cut example of pleiotropy, a phenomenon in which a single gene determines a number of distinct and seemingly unrelated characteristics. In the mice, ay was shown to be dominant to a with respect to coat colour, while ay was shown to be recessive to a with respect to viability.

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