BISC 160 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Electrochemical Potential, Organelle
8 Sep 2013
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Alzheimer"s occurs when abnormal deposits called plaques are present in brain cells. Plaques are clumps of the protein amyloid beta. Amyloid beta is produced by beta-secretase and lambda-secretae cutting amylouid precursor proteins. Fluid mosaic model: proteins are noncovalently embedded in the phospholipid bilayer by their hydrophobic regions, but their hydrophilic domains are exposed to the water conditions on either side of the bilayer, protein functions: Receiving chemical signals from the cell"s external environment: carbohydrates are located on the outside of the cell where they remain intact with the cell"s external environment, carbohydrate functions: Lipids form the hydrophobic core of the membrane: phospholipids. Phosphorus-contianing head is electrically charged and therefore polar. Nonpolar fatty acid tail do not dissolve in water or associate with hydrophilic substances. 8nm thick biloayer, which is twice the length of a typical phospholipid: all biological membranes have a similar structure, but differ in the kinds of proteins and lipids they contain.
