120 Lecture Notes - Goose Bumps, Frequency Distribution, Lactase Persistence
Document Summary
Typological all major groups idealized, independent, with no common connections: aristotle"s ladder proposed that species were organized in a sequence based on ed size and complexity with humans on top. All species exist in populations: groups of individuals that mate and share common features, populations evolve individuals don"t. Species are unique: shared characteristics(homologous traits) Species change over time: most have gone extinct (over 99%) indicated by the fossil record, species are related by common ancestry. We can find vestiges in modern lineages( human tailbone and goose bumps: whales closely related to hippos. The core theory summarized: heritable variation affects fitness, fitness is non-random and can be measured, traits that lead to higher fitness get selected, when environments change different traits get selected. Heritable change that"s permanent in an individual and helps it survive and reproduce. Lactose tolerance in herding cultures: acclimation not passed onto offspring because alleles haven"t changed in composition.
