BIOL303 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Adult Stem Cell, Hematopoietic Stem Cell, Neurulation
15 Dec 2013
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Document Summary
An environment (regulatory microenvironment) that provides an environment of extracellular matrices and paracrine factors that allows cells residing within it to remain relatively undifferentiated. Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of mammalian blastocysts and can make all cells of the embryo. On the other hand, adult stem cells are those found in the tissues of a mature organ. Totipotency describes the cells that can make every cell type (including the trophoblast in mammals). This state in mammals only lasts until the 8 cell stage and compaction. Pluripotency describes the cells that can become all cell types except the trophoblast in mammals. These cells are those in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, but germ cells and germ cell tumours are also considered to be pluripotent. Multipotency describes cells that are more limited and can only differentiate into a relatively smaller amount of cell types. These cells are most adult stem cells (e. g. hematopoietic stem cell).
