BIOL 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Alkaptonuria, Dna Replication, Peptide
15 Dec 2013
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Alkaptonuria: patients urine turns black when exposed to oxygen, determined it is an inherited trait. Bread mold: exposed some to xrays, which caused mutations, wild type could make its own nutrient from raw products, but mutant strain wasn"t able to grow unless the nutrient was added into the tube. Proteins are made up of subunits called polypeptides. In prokaryotes, genes can be transcribed simultaneously, whereas eukaryotes process mrna in the nucleus first. Only gene is transcribed, unlike dna replication where the whole strand is. Rna molecules resulting in transcription are single stranded. Where a appears in the dna strand, rna polymerase complements it with u in the mrna. Molecular machinery carries out transcription assembles at the promoter region and begins synthesizing rn: elongation. Rna polymerase moves along gene extending rna chain: termination. In eukaryotes, rna polymerase cant bind directly to the dna, so transcription factors first bind to the promoter, but in bacteria rna polymerase binds directly to promoter.
