ANTHROP 2FF3 Study Guide - Final Guide: Nucleic Acid Double Helix, Meiosis, Genetic Variation
17 Dec 2013
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* each allele for a specific trait is located in same place on every chromosome. Nucleus: contains 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell (23 from mother, 23 from father), stores majority of genetic information (dna) Somatic cell: most cells in the body (not sex cells) --> 46 chromosomes. Gametes: sex cells (sperm and egg) --> 23 chromosomes. Chromosomes: long strands of tightly coiled dna, paired structures, in nucleus. 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) --> carry tons of genes. Sperm has an x, y (males determine sex of baby) Number of chromosomes is different depending on species. Number of chromosomes is not related to amount of dna. Some dna non coding (can replicate and would not make a difference) Mitochondria: power house of cell, generated most of energy. Inherited by mother --> eggs have mitochondria, sperm don"t. Y chromosome only be passed from father to son (easier to trace line) Genetic information stored in sequence of bases (nucleotides)
